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Title:	Development and effectiveness of C.E.R.G.A.S programme : a combined intervention (physical activity-nutrition) in combating overweight and obesity among Malaysian adolescents
Authors:	Lau Xiao Chuan (P65533)
Supervisor:	Poh Bee Koon, Prof Dr.
Keywords:	Obesity Nutrition Overweight Dissertations, Academic -- Malaysia
Issue Date:	28-Feb-2019
Description:	Physical fitness (PF) and physical activity (PA) negatively associated with percentage body fat (%BF). This trend tracks into adulthood; hence, the necessity to evaluate and find effective strategies for increasing PF among overweight and obese (O/O) adolescents is needed. The present study aimed to examine the effectiveness of C.E.R.G.A.S (Ceria, Respek, Gigih, Aktif, Sihat) in managing adolescent obesity. Present study was conducted in four phases which are Phase I needs assessment, Phase II identification of change objectives and theory-informed strategies, Phase III development of C.E.R.G.A.S components and materials and Phase IV effectiveness and process evaluation of C.E.R.G.A.S. Phase I involved 1,600 boys and girls aged 13.3±1.4 years old; where prevalence of O/O was 29.3%. Our data showed that O/O associated with unhealthy eating behaviours, lower PA and PF as well as perceived more PA barriers. At Phase II, four key behavioural objectives were identified which are (i) to reduce consumption of unhealthy foods and beverages; (ii) to increase daily PA; (iii) to improve PF; and (iv) to improve PA and nutrition knowledge. Social Cognitive Theory and Self-Determination Theory were selected as the theoretical framework. At Phase III, C.E.R.G.A.S components and evaluation tools were developed and validated. Pilot study was done to evaluate C.E.R.G.A.S and the results indicated this programme was effective and feasible to be implemented. The effectiveness of C.E.R.G.A.S was evaluated at Phase IV, three secondary schools in Selangor were assigned as intervention-I (IG-I; 13.2±2.3 years old), intervention-II (IG-II; 13.4±2.1 years old) and control (CG; 13.2±2.4 years old) groups; 60 participants per group. The IG-I students received nutrition and PA education in a two-day camp at a training centre. IG-I students also underwent aerobic and resistance exercise training sessions twice a week for 12 weeks at school. IG-II students received the same education programme as IG-I but without exercise training session; whereas, CG students received none of the programme. The main outcome measure was changes in mean scores of PF tests, PA level, nutrition and PA KAP, anthropometrics and percentage body fat (%BF). These measurements were conducted at week-0 (baseline), week-12 (T1), week-24 (T2) and week-36 (T3). IG-I demonstrated significant within-group changes in sit-and-reach; 15- m PACER, one-minute sit-up and PA; as well as handgrip (both hands) over 12-; 24-; and 36-week, respectively. IG-I showed a significant increment in nutrition and PA KAP over 36-week. IG-II showed significant improvements in nutrition knowledge, attitude and PA knowledge in shorter sustainability period. However, no significant effects were found in BMI z-score for all the three groups. Nonetheless, there were significant decrement in waist circumference (WC) and %BF over 24-week for IG-I. For IG-II and CG, no significant changes were observed in any of the PF tests, anthropometric indices and %BF from baseline to T3. In conclusion, C.E.R.G.A.S programme that combined with education plus exercise component is a more effective strategy to improve PF, WC, %BF, nutrition and PA KAP. C.E.R.G.A.S programme can be incorporated into school PE subject to benefit more secondary school adolescents.,Doktor Falsafah
Pages:	510
Call Number:	QT256.L366d 2019 9
Publisher:	UKM, Kuala Lumpur
Appears in Collections:	Faculty of Health Sciences / Fakulti Sains Kesihatan

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