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Title:	Physicochemical and antioxidant properties of Malaysian nenas and gelam honeys and elucidation of anti-inflammatory mechanism of gelam honey in inflammation-induced rats
Authors:	Saba Zuhair Hussein (P53380)
Supervisor:	Yasmin Anum Mohd Yusof, Professor Dr.
Keywords:	Physicochemical and antioxidant Malaysian nenas dan gelam honeys Inflammation-induced rats
Issue Date:	20-May-2013
Description:	Honey contains a variety of dietary nutrients which are useful for good health such as glucose, fructose, proteins, minerals, vitamins, and flavonoids. The aims of this study were to determine the physicochemical and antioxidant properties of two types of Malaysian honey, Gelam and Nenas, with and without gamma irradiation and to determine the anti-inflammatory effect of either honey in inflammation induced rat paws. Physicochemical properties showed that pH, ash, protein, acidity, specific gravity, minerals and sugar contents were not affected (p<0.05) by gamma irradiation. Moisture, vitamin E and hydroxy methyl furfural (HMF) levels decreased (p<0.05) while color intensity and vitamin C increased (p<0.05) after gamma irradiation for both types of honey. In general, Gelam honey contained higher (p<0.05) ash, protein, vitamins (C & E) and minerals content but lower (p<0.05) percentage of moisture and HMF levels compared to Nenas honey. Gelam honey exhibited higher FRAP reducing capacity and DPPH radical scavenging activity (p<0.05) than Nenas honey which correlated with its phenolic contents (r= 0.9899 and r= 0.8555, respectively). Gamma irradiation of both honeys caused enhanced antioxidant activities and total phenolic contents. HPLC analysis detected higher phenolic contents in Gelam than Nenas honey such as caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, ellagic acid, p-coumaric acid, quercetin and hesperitin. Based on the higher antioxidant property of Gelam honey, it was evaluated for anti-inflammatory effect in inflammation induced rat paws. Gelam honey at 1 g/kg and 2 g/kg body weight was fed to male Sprague-Dawley rats induced with inflammation by a subplantar injection of 1% carrageenan into the right hind paw. Gelam honey at both concentrations was shown to reduce edema in a dosedependent fashion, and it also decreased the production of pro-inflammatory mediators NO, PGE2, TNF-α, and IL-6 in plasma as measured by ELISA. Gelam honey at both concentrations suppressed the gene and protein expressions of proinflammatory mediators iNOS, COX-2, TNF-α, and IL-6 in paw tissues of rats as determined by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis, with 2 g/kg of body weight of honey exhibiting greater effect. In addition, the activation of the nuclear transcription factor NF-κB in inflamed rat paw tissues was inhibited by Gelam honey which correlated with reduced inflammation. The immunohistochemical expressions of proinflammatory mediators COX-2 and TNF-α were also decreased in inflamed rat paw tissues when treated with Gelam honey at both concentrations. These findings suggest that Gelam honey has a potent anti-inflammatory property and the mechanism of action is probably via the bioactive phenolic compounds found in honey, which inactivate NF-κB and down-regulate the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators such as COX-2 and TNF-α.,Ph.D
Pages:	301
Publisher:	UKM, Kuala Lumpur
Appears in Collections:	Faculty of Medicine / Fakulti Perubatan

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