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Title:	Risk based assessment and management of drinking water in Langat River Basin, Malaysia
Authors:	Minhaz Farid Ahmed (P75412)
Supervisor:	Mazlin Mokhtar, Prof. Dato’ Dr.
Keywords:	Drinking water -- Malaysia Water-supply -- Malaysia -- Management Sustainable development -- Malaysia Water quality management -- Malaysia Water resources development -- Malaysia Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia -- Dissertations Dissertations, Academic -- Malaysia
Issue Date:	3-Jan-2019
Description:	Drinking water management at Langat River Basin, Malaysia encountered challenges of inadequate coordination among relevant stakeholders; and also pollution from point and non-point sources. This study has three main objectives: (1) to investigate the status of selected chemical parameters in the drinking water supply chain at the Langat Basin; (2) to predict health risks via ingestion of the selected chemicals; and (3) to suggest good drinking water management practices at the basin. Science based modified water governance, and water security methodological approaches were applied for drinking water management of the basin, as components of the no regret policy to be applied, including to bring science and technology in decision making processes pertaining to protection of drinking water quality. Qualitative and quantitative approaches were used in water governance and management analyses of this study in order to improve drinking water management in the basin. Water samples were colleted in 2015 from several stations along the drinking water supply chain of the basin, and these were analysed to determine the concentrations of Al, As, Cd, Cr and Pb by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). These metals were selected due to their persistence in aquatic environment, and their carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic exposures to human, if ingested. Monthly data during 2005-2015 from secondary sources were used to assess the health risks. Radioactivity levels of Po-210 in the drinking water supply chain were also determined by Alpha Spectrometry, because the Langat Basin is located in a region of relatively high natural background radiation. The annual effective dose of Po-210 ingestion via drinking water showed acceptable health risks because the dose is within the standard of World Health Organization, which is less than 0.01 mSv/year. Mean concentrations of the selected chemical parameters were found to be within the drinking water quality standard of Malaysia, at 95% confidence intervals. Pb concentrations in drinking water were found to have exceeded the toxic reference value of 2.5E-03 mg/L of United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), for data measured in 2005-2015. Pb ingestion via drinking water at Langat Basin was predicted to have a probability of lifetime cancer risks of 1.53E-02±1.07E-02; at t = 9.56; p = 2.60E-12, for an individual among 10,000 population at 95% confidence intervals, based on the equation of USEPA, and the auto-regression model. The major contributions of this study were the modifications of theories pertaining to people’s behaviours and intentions, in the model that involved multi stakeholders' engagement in water resources management; including for drinking water quality. The roles and responsibilities of various actors in managing drinking water of the Langat Basin can be made better coordinated via a more effective and proactive leadership roles of local authorities, including through utilisation of legal tools of the Local Government Act, 1976. Local authorities are capable of forming multi-stakeholder’s platform for effective decision makings of water management via several steps of quality control and quality assurance of information and data related to science, engineering, technology, and innovation; as well as social science and humanities. The multi-stakeholder’s platform and the obtained quantitative and qualitative information will definitely assist the local authorities to better coordinate and collaborate with various stakeholders in its vicinity; plus good implementation of relevant policies, coupled with effective monitoring of raw and drinking water. The installation of a two-layer water filtration technology at the strategic positions of water supply chain in the basin can also ensure better achivement of targets of sustainable development goal 6 before 2030.,Certification of Master's/Doctoral Thesis" is not available
Pages:	375
Call Number:	TD370.A376 2019 tesis
Publisher:	UKM, Bangi
Appears in Collections:	Institute for Environment and Development / Institut Alam Sekitar dan Pembangunan (LESTARI)

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