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Title:	Adaptive behaviour of two sympatric cercopithecidae (Macaca fascicularis and Trachypithecus obscurus) in forest fragments within Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Bangi campus
Authors:	Farhani Ruslin (P60781)
Supervisor:	Badrul Munir Md. Zain, Prof. Dr.
Keywords:	Macaques -- Behavior
Issue Date:	29-Aug-2018
Description:	Knowledge about feeding ecology, dietary overlap, ranging and daily activity budget in sympatric primates is essential for understanding how these animals can avoid or reduce interspecific competition for resources to coexist. From April 2014 to March 2015, the feeding ecology with dietary niche separation, ranging and daily activity budget were investigated between two sympatric hindgut- and foregut-fermenting primates, long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) and dusky langurs (Trachypithecus obscurus), in mixed landscape consisting of urban and agro-forested areas and forest fragments in Malaysia. A total of 5,570 and 4,029 of feeding records for M. fascicularis and T. obscurus, respectively, using the 10-min scan sampling method. Food availability and seasonal changes in plant species consumed by the groups were determined by vegetation surveys carried out across an area of 1.6 ha. A total of 113 and 130 plant species were consumed by M. fascicularis and T. obscurus study, respectively. Fruits (40%) and leaves (51%) accounted for the majority of the feeding records for T. obscurus, whereas fruits (32%) and anthropogenic foods (27%) together with leaves (15%) and insects (6%) accounted for the majority of the feeding records for M. fascicularis. Throughout the year, there were 59 consumed plant species overlapped by both species, and the dietary overlap was the highest for fruits. Although leaves were always more abundant than fruits in the study site, the amount of monthly fruit eating by the two species showed a significant correlation with that of fruit availability. Monthly dietary overlap also showed a positive effect of the monthly fruit availability. A total of 1624 and 1492 of 15-min records of ranging point were recorded for both M. fascicularis and T. obscurus. Cumulatively, home range used by M. fascicularis and T. obscurus were 36.75 ha and 13.5 ha while the mean of daily path length (DPL) were 2196 m and 834 m for both species, respectively. Throughout the year, DPL of M. fascicularis was affected by the food-waste eating while there were weak correlation of fruit and leaf eating with DPL in T. obscurus. For M. fascicularis, monthly DPL indicated significant negative relationship with fruit and leaves eating. For T. obscurus, there was a no significant interaction of DPL and food availability. Home range area of M. fascicularis were positively correlated with fruit and food waste feeding. There were no correlation between monthly ranging overlap and fruits and leaves availability, but there were positive interaction of overlap with leaves availability. A total of 406 hrs and 373 hrs of behavioral observation were recorded from M. fascicularis and T. obscurus. For M. fascicularis, the most recorded behaviour was moving (33.2%), followed by resting (29.4%) and feeding (27%). For T. obscurus, the record was highest in resting (38.5%), followed by feeding (35.2%) and moving (20.5%). Throughout the year, food-waste eating has positive effect on feeding effort of M. fascicularis. T. obscurus spent less time feeding when the fruits availability is high and spent more time moving when the fruits availability were low. For T. obscurus, the time spent on resting increased when fruit eating increased, which also reduced the time spent for feeding. The time spent resting also has negative on the size of home range of T. obscurus. The similarity between M. fascicularis and T. obscurus was the increasing time spent feeding when fruits is scarce.,'Certification of Master's/Doctoral Thesis' is not available
Pages:	208
Call Number:	QL737.P93F337 2018 tesis
Publisher:	UKM, Bangi
Appears in Collections:	Faculty of Science and Technology / Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi

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