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Title:	Chemical, biological and toxicological properties of Rafflesia cantleyi Solms-Laubach bud
Authors:	Sumaia Mohamed Mohamed Albakoush (P63070)
Supervisor:	Nazlina Ibrahim, Prof. Madya Dr.
Keywords:	Rafflesia cantleyi Phytoconstituents Antioxidant activity Oral toxicity Reproductive systems Dissertations, Academic -- Malaysia
Issue Date:	3-Jul-2017
Description:	Rafflesia cantleyi Solms-Laubach (Rafflesiaceae) known as Bunga Pakma, has been used in various alternative medicinal practices such as for energy drink, aphrodisiac and contract the uterus back to its ordinary size after labour. However, chemical, biological and toxicological studies on R. cantleyi are still lacking. Thus, this study aims to gain information on the chemical, biological and toxicological properties of R. cantleyi bud water extract. The objectives of this research are to determine the phytoconstituents, antioxidant activity and oral toxicity as well as effects on male and female reproductive systems. Water extract of three different parts of R. cantleyi buds contains various alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins and steroids. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) isolated 19 compounds from the bud bract with a yield mass of 2.10 to 176.10 mg compounds. Antioxidant activity determined via the scavenging activity of 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals (DPPH), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) scavenging activity and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) revealed that the bud parts possess significant free radical scavenging properties (p<0.05). Positive linear correlations were found between total antioxidant capacity and phenolic content. In vitro toxicity testing against normal cells showed that these R. cantleyi bud parts extracts were non-cytotoxic towards peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), Vero and 3T3 cells. In vivo sub-acute toxicity study was done using the whole bud as there was no significant difference (p>0.05) in the phytochemical components in the bud parts. The sub-acute toxicity study was performed in male and postpartum female Sprague-Dawley rats for 28 days. Biochemical, haematological and histopathology examinations were carried out on animals that were sacrificed on day 29, a day after the last dosage was given and 14 days after treatment was stopped. Bud water extract caused cellular alterations when administered at doses of 500 and 1000 mg/kg bw with significant (p<0.05) increases in biochemical and haematological parameters. Increase in body weight, serum testosterone level and sperm parameters were observed. These changes contribute to enhanced sexual behaviour and fertility in male rats. Water extract did not harm pregnant female rats which were able to give birth to normal pups with higher body weight compared to control group. Pups that were nursing on their mothers that were treated with doses of 500 and 1000 mg/kg bw body weight of bud extract showed increase in weekly body weight. However, side effects were seen in the kidney and liver in the animals, where cellular alterations were noted with increase in the alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) levels and haematological parameters. As a conclusion, R. cantleyi bud contained potential bioactive compounds with no cytotoxicity towards selected normal cells. Antioxidant activity of the bud was due to the phenolic compounds. The aphrodisiac properties that increase the sexual desire were due to increase in serum testosterone. Despite the possible beneficial effects on reproduction, this study revealed that a large intake of water extract of the bud over a long period of time could result in the impairment of the liver and kidney function as seen by cellular alterations gave rise to increased in some biochemical and haematological parameters.,Certification of Master's/Doctoral Thesis" is not available
Pages:	211
Publisher:	UKM, Bangi
Appears in Collections:	Faculty of Science and Technology / Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi

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