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Title:	The calcination characterisations and the potential of selected industrial mineral for heavy metals and ammonia absorbents
Authors:	Salem Naela Abdullah (P52887)
Supervisor:	Azimah Bintu Hussin, Prof. Madya Dr.
Keywords:	Industrial mineral Heavy metals
Issue Date:	May-2015
Description:	Industrial minerals (IM) are universally non-metallic, low-priced commodities, sold in bulk and used broadly as ion-exchangers and adsorbents in variety chemical and environmental treatment industry. The adsorption ability of the IM depends on several factors, including the physical variation, geochemical segregations and modification processes. Calcinations are one of the modification technique employed for activating the adsorption ability of the IM. In this present study, the industrial minerals includes natural zeolite, from Taiz, Yemen and Bidor kaolin from Malaysia, were evaluated to achieve the objectives; to investigate the physical and geochemical variance, to investigate the effect of calcinations process of zeolite and kaolin , to evaluate the performance of Bidor kaolin for synthetic zeolite production and to evaluate the potential of calcined nautral zeolite and Bidor kaolin and synthetic zeolite as heavy metals and ammonia absorbents. The studied zeolite and kaolin were characterised using various techniques such as particles size, Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET) specific surface area, zeta potential , X-ray diffraction (XRD), rheometer, X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), Inductive Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) and Analyst 100 atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS). The studied zeoliteand kaolin were then modified via two hours calcinations in the range of 5000-13000C and the hydrothermal effects of calcinations on the properties of the IMs were also studied. Chemicals modification via alkali-treatment (NaOH) was applied on Bidor kaolin intentionally for producing synthetics zeolite. Finally the calcined natural zeolite and kaolin and the synthetic zeolite were then used as adsorbent for heavy metals (Ni2+, Co2+, Cu2+ , Zn2+, Mn2+ , Pb2+) and ammonia (NH4+) removal from the aqueous solution. This thesis shows that the studied zeolite and kaolin were encompass with more than 70% of very fine particles (< 63 μm), and significantly varies in their physical and chemical composition. Calcination treatment for 2 hours in the range of 5000-13000C has typically changed the physical and geochemical characterization of both studied samples. Calcinations at 7000-9000C were significantly contribute to the elemental compositional increment in natural zeolite and kaolin. Higher calcinations temperature (>11000C) has a great impact on the both samples, morphology as almost all original crystal were vanished into dead burn forms. Thermal activation at 5500-9000C and alkali treatment were successfully converted the Bidor kaolin into functional synthetic zeolite-HS with higher cation exchange capacity (196.99 meg/100g). The chosen absorbents including the synthetic zeolite from Bidor kaolin has the potential to be an alternative low cost adsorbent materials for heavy metal (Ni2+ , Co2+, Cu2+ , Zn2+, Mn2+ and Pb2+) and ammonia (NH4+) removal from the aquoues solution.,Ph.D
Pages:	209
Call Number:	TN799.5.S238 2015
Publisher:	UKM, Bangi
Appears in Collections:	Faculty of Science and Technology / Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi

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