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Title:	Characterization and biological activity of extract of Gordonia terrae SpTg111 isolated from marine sponge
Authors:	Elfalah Hana Wanis (P52560)
Supervisor:	Asmat Ahmad , Associate. Prof. Dr
Keywords:	Gordonia terrae Antibacteria Antimicrobial Actinomycetales -biotechnology.
Issue Date:	19-Jan-2015
Description:	The aim of this study was to isolate bioactive compounds from the Gordonia terrae SpTg 111 and screened for antibacterial, anticancer, antibiofilm, and antimalarial properties. Secondary metabolites of this isolate were extracted using chloroform: methanol and ethyl acetate solvents. Antimicrobial activity of the extracts against selected bacteria and fungi pathogen was conducted using disc diffusion assay. The ethyl acetate active compounds G. terrae SpTg 111 isolate demonstrated antibacteria activity against Bacillus cereus, Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Salmonella typhi, and Candida albicans. However, the antibacterial activity of the chloroform: methanol active compounds was stronger with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 1.56 -12.5 µg/mL than ethyl acetate with MIC 3.12-25 µg/mL. Anticancer properties were present in the chloroform: methanol and ethyl acetate fractions. The fractions exhibited substantial anticancer activity when tested on chronic lymphocyte leukaemia (CLL) cells and acute lymphocyte leukaemia (ALL) at concentrations of 3.125 μg/mL, and 3.121 μg/mL respectively. The half maximal inhibitory concentration IC50 values for CLL and ALL were 12.5 µg/mL and 18.5 µg/mL respectively. The results of the present study clearly demonstrated that chloroform: methanol and ethyl acetate extracts of secondary metabolites produced by G. terrae SpTg111 had fairly active in vitro radical scavenging activity against the (DPPH) free radical (p < 0.005). The significantly high content of total phenolic compounds (p < 0.0005) and β - carotene (p < 0.005) indicate that these compounds contributed to the antioxidative activity. The chloroform: methanol fractions of cell cultures were more active than the corresponding ethyl acetate fractions. Among the fractions tested of chloroform: methanol fraction exhibited the strongest biological activity (FH-7-2), followed by fraction (CH-2-2) of the ethyl acetate fraction. These findings demonstrate that both fractions shown antiparasitic activity in vitro against Plasmodium falciparum, with IC50 values of 7.15 µg/mL and 35.16 µg/mL, respectively. Additionally, antibiofilm studies demonstrated that chloroform: methanol and ethyl acetate active compounds had the ability to disrupt the formation of B. cereus, MRSA, P. aeruginosa, E. coli, Entero. faecalis, S. typhi and C. albicans aggregates in this study, thus, ethyl acetate and chloroform: methanol extracts have several features that facilitate better exploration of novel antibiofilm compounds. Based on an acute oral toxicity study a dose of 200, 2000, and 5000 mg/kg body weight of chloroform: methanol and ethyl acetate extracts administered orally to adult and baby Balb/c mice, respectively, appeared to be nontoxic. There was no mortality or any sign of behavioral change or toxicity observed. The results of this study show that G. terra SpTg 111 is potentially a significant source of bioactive secondary metabolites with therapeutic potential for the treatment of various diseases.,Kajian ini dijalankan untuk mengekstrak sebatian bioaktif daripada Gordonia terrae SpTg 111 dan menyaring bagi ciri ciri yang antibakteria, antikanser, antibiofilem dan antimalaria. Metabolit sekunder pencilan in diekstrak menggunakan pelarut Klorofom: metanol dan etil asetat. Aktiviti antimikrob terhadap pathogen bacteria dan kulat dijalankan dengan menggunakan kaedah peresapan cakera. Sebatian aktif etil asetat G. terrae SpTg 111 menunjukkan aktiviti terhadap Bacillus cereus, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Salmonella typhi dan Candida albicans. Namn, aktiviti antibaktera fraksi klorofom:metanol didapati paling tinggi dengan nilai MIC 3.12 - 25 µg/mL berbanding dengan etil asetat dan MIC sebanyak 1.56 - 12.5 µg/mL. Ekstrak etil asetat dan klorofom:metanol bagi metabolit sekunder G. terrae SpTg 111 juga berpotensi sebagai bahan antikanser apabila diuji pada sel limfosit leukemia kronik (CLL) dan limfosit leukemia akut (ALL) 3.125 µg/mL dan 3.121 µg/mL. Nilai separuh maksimum kepekatan perencatan IC50 nilai diperolehi 12.5 µg/mL dan 18.5 µg/mL bagi CLL dan ALL. Keputusan kajian ini jelas menunjukkan bahawa ekstrak klorofom: metanol dan etil asetat bagi metabolit sekunder yang dihasilkan oleh G. terrae SpTg 111 mempunyai aktiviti memerangkap radikal bebas (DPPH) (p <0.005) secara in vitro. Kandungan sebatian fenolik (p <0.0005) dan β - karotene (p <0.005) yang agak tinggi menunjukkan bahawa sebatian ini menyumbang kepada aktiviti antioksidan. Fraksi ekstrak klorofom:metanol kultur sel lebih aktif dari fraksi etil asetat. Fraksi ekstrak klorofom:metanol (FH-7-2) G. terrae SpTg 111 menunjukkan aktiviti biologi yang tinggi diikut dengan fraksi ekstrak etil asetat (CH-2-2). Penemun ini menunjukkan bahawa kedua dua fraksi ekstrak kolorfom: metanol dan etil asetat dalam kajian ini mempunyai aktiviti antiparasit terhadap Plasmodium falciparum secara in vitro dengan nilai IC50 sebanyak 7.15 µg/mL dan 35.16 µg/mL masingmasing kajian ini juga menunj ukkan fraksi ekstrak klorofom: metanol dan etil asetat dari G. terrae SpTg 111 mempunyai keupayaan untuk mengganggu pembentukan biofilm B. cereus, MRSA, P. aeruginosa, E. coli, Entero. faecalis, S. typhi dan C. albicans, oleh itu ekstrak asetat dan klorofom:metanol mempunyai ciri-ciri yang baik dalam menerokai sebatian antibiofilem yang novel. Berdasarkan kajian ketoksikan, dos sebanyak 200, 2000 dan 5000 mg/kg dari berat badan bagi ekstrak klorofom:metanol dan etil asetat yang diberi kepada anak mencit Balb/c dan mencit dewasa adalah tidak toksik. Tidak ada kematian atau apa apa tanda perubahan tingkah laku atau ketoksikan diperhatikan. Keputusan kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa G. terrae SpTg 111 berpotensi sebagai sumber metabolit sekunder yang signifikan serta berpotensi dijadikan sebagai bahan terapeutik untuk rawatan penyakit-penyakit berjangkit.,Ph.D
Pages:	241
Call Number:	QR82.A35 E436 2015
Publisher:	UKM, Bangi
Appears in Collections:	Faculty of Science and Technology / Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi

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