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Title:	Sensor AI(iii) optik berasaskan membran polimer terangkum
Authors:	Faiz Bukhari Mohd Suah (P53944)
Supervisor:	Musa Ahmad, Prof. Dato'
Keywords:	Polimer Sensor AI(iii) Aluminum Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia -- Dissertations
Issue Date:	8-Oct-2014
Description:	Sensor kimia optik bagi pengesanan ion aluminium (Al(III)) berasaskan kepada penggunaan membran polimer terangkum (PIMs) telah dibangunkan dalam kajian ini. Semua sensor ini adalah berasaskan kepada prinsip pengukuran serapan, pendarfluor dan pantulan. Bagi penentuan Al(III), tiga reagen telah dipilih iaitu, morin, natrium morin-5-sulfonat (NaMSA) dan eriokrom sianin R (ESR). Pada peringkat awal, kajian larutan dilakukan dengan menggunakan spektrofotometer UL-Nampak bagi kompleks ternari Al(III), iaitu kompleks morin: Al(III): Triton X-100 dan ESR: Al(III): Aliquat 336. Kepekatan Al(III) yang memberikan rangsangan linear adalah didalam julat 1.11 × 10-6 - 7.41 × 10-5 mol L-1 (0.03 - 2.00 ppm) dan 1.85 × 10-6 - 1.48 × 10-4 mol L-1 (0.05 - 4.00 ppm), masing-masing bagi kompleks morin: Al(III): Triton X-100 dan ESR:Al(III): Aliquat 336. Nilai had pengesanan yang dikira ialah 5.56 × 10-7 mol L-1 (0.015 ppm) dan 9.26 × 10-7 mol L-1 (0.025 ppm), masing-masing bagi kompleks morin: Al(III): Triton X-100 dan ESR: Al(III): Aliquat 336. Pada masa yang sama, kajian larutan bagi morin dan NaMSA di dalam kompleks morin: Al(III): Triton X-100 dan NaMSA: Al(III): Aliquat 336 turut dilakukan dengan menggunakan fluorimeter. Kepekatan Al(III) didapati yang memberikan rangsangan linear adalah didalam julat 1.30 × 10-6 - 2.59 × 10-4 mol L-1 (0.035 - 7.00 ppm) dan 9.00 × 10-7 - 7.41 × 10-5 mol L-1 (0.024 - 2.00 ppm), masing-masing bagi kompleks morin: Al(III): Triton X-100 dan NaMSA: Al(III): Aliquat 336. Manakala had pengesanan yang diperoleh masingmasingnya ialah 8.15 × 10-7 mol L-1 (0.022 ppm) dan 5.56 × 10-7 mol L-1 (0.015 ppm). Bagi sensor kimia optik berasaskan pengukuran serapan, dua set sensor telah dibangunkan iaitu menggunakan PIMs yang mengandungi poli(vinil klorida) (PVC): Triton X-100: dioktil ftalat (DOP): morin dan selulosa triasetat (CTA): Aliquat 336: DOP: ESR. Semua sensor kimia optik ini boleh digunakan untuk menentukan Al(III) dalam julat 1.85 × 10-6 - 1.10 × 10-4 mol L-1 (0.05 - 2.97 ppm) dan 7.41 × 10-6 - 4.44 × 10-4 mol L-1 (0.20 - 12.0 ppm) masing-masing bagi PIMs yang mengandungi PVC:Triton X-100: DOP: morin dan CTA: Aliquat 336: DOP: ESR. Had pengesanan yang diperoleh ialah 1.04 × 10-6 mol L-1 (0.03 ppm) bagi sensor berasaskan PIMs PVC: Triton X-100: DOP: morin dan 5.63 × 10-6 mol L-1 (0.15 ppm) bagi PIMs CTA: Aliquat 336: DOP: ESR. Bagi sensor kimia optik yang berasaskan pengukuran pendarfluor pula, PIMs yang mengandungi campuran PVC: Triton X-100: DOP: morin dan PVC: Aliquat 336: NaMSA telah disedia. Sensor pertama didapati menghasilkan rangsangan linear terhadap kepekatan Al(III) pada julat 7.41 × 10-7 - 1.00 × 10-4 mol L-1 (0.02 - 2.70 ppm) manakala sensor yang kedua menghasilkan rangsangan linear dalam julat 5.19 × 10-7 - 6.00 × 10-5 mol L-1 (0.014 - 1.62 ppm). Had pengesanan pula ialah 5.19 × 10-7 mol L-1 (0.014 ppm) bagi sensor yang mengandungi PVC: Triton X-100: DOP: morin dan 4.07 × 10-7 mol L-1 (0.011 ppm) bagi sensor PVC: Aliquat 336: NaMSA. Akhir sekali, sensor kimia yang berasaskan prinsip pantulan turut dibina. Sensor ini menggunakan manik PIMs yang mengandungi campuran PVC: Aliquat 336: DOP: ESR sebagai bahan sensornya. Sensor ini boleh menghasilkan rangsangan linear terhadap Al(III) dalam julat 5.56 × 10-5 - 3.52 × 10-4 mol L-1 (1.50 - 9.50 ppm) dengan had pengesanan 3.41 × 10-5 mol L-1 (0.92 ppm). Semua sensor yang telah dibina menunjukkan kepekaan dan kepilihan yang lebih tinggi berbanding dengan sensor yang tidak mengandungi PIMs sebagai bahan sensornya. Sebagai tambahan, semua sensor kimia optik yang dibina boleh dijana semula dengan menggunakan larutan florida kecuali bagi sensor yang menggunakan manik PIMs. Ion EDTA, florida, fosfat, Be(II), Cu(II) dan Fe(III) didapati mengganggu semasa penentuan Al(III) dijalankan.,Optical chemical sensors for detection of aluminium ((Al(III)) based on the use of polymer inclusion membranes (PIMs) have been developed in this study. These sensors are based on absorbance, fluorescence and reflectance measurements. Three sensitive reagents for determination of aluminium, namely morin, sodium morin-5-sulfonat (NaMSA) and eriochrome cyanine R (ECR) were chosen as the reagents. Initially, solution studies of ternary complexes of morin: Al(III): Triton X-100 and ECR: Al(III): Aliquat 336 were conducted by using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The Al(III) concentration which gave a linear response were in the range of 1.11 × 10-6 - 7.41 × 10-5 mol L-1 (0.03 - 2.00 ppm) and 1.85 × 10-6 - 1.48 × 10-4 mol L-1 (0.05 - 4.00 ppm)for morin: Al(III): Triton X-100 and ECR: Al(III): Aliquat 336 complexes, respectively. The detection limit was calculated to be 5.56 × 10-7 mol L-1 (0.015 ppm) and 9.26 × 10-7 mol L-1 (0.025 ppm) for morin: Al(III): Triton X-100 and ECR: Al(III): Aliquat 336 complexes, respectively. At the same time, the solution studies of morin and NaMSA in the ternary complexes of morin: l(III): Triton X-100 and NaMSA: Al(III): Aliquat 336 were also performed by using fluorimetry. It was found that aluminium gave a linear response in the range of 1.30 × 10-6 - 2.59 × 10-4 mol L-1 (0.035 - 7.00 ppm) and 9.00 × 10-7 - 7.41 × 10-5 mol L-1 (0.024 - 2.00 ppm), for morin: Al(III): Triton X-100 and NaMSA: Al(III): Aliquat 336 complexes, respectively. While,the detection limit was determined to be 8.15 × 10-7 mol L-1 (0.022 ppm) and 5.56 × 10-7 mol L-1 (0.015 ppm) for morin: Al(III): Triton X-100 and NaMSA: Al(III): Aliquat 336, respectively. Two set of sensors were developed for optical sensors based on absorbance measurement. Namely, PIMs containing poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC): Triton X-100: dioctyl phthalate (DOP): morin and cellulose triacetate (CTA): Aliquat 336: DOP: ECR. All of the sensors were found to be very useful to determine Al(III) in the concentration range of 1.85× 10-6 - 1.10 × 10-4 mol L-1 (0.05 - 2.97 ppm) and 7.41 × 10-6 - 4.44 × 10-4 mol L-1 (0.20 -12.0 ppm) pespectively for sensor based on PVC: Triton X-100: DOP: morin and CTA:Aliquat 336: DOP: ECR membranes. The limit of detection of the methods calculated to be 1.04 × 10-6 mol L-1 (0.03 ppm) for sensor based on PVC: Triton X-100: DOP: morin membrane and 5.63 × 10-6 mol L-1 (0.15 ppm) for sensor based on CTA: Aliquat 336: DOP:ECR membrane. Membranes consists of mixtures of immobilized PVC: Triton X-100:DOP: morin and PVC: Aliquat 336: NaMSA were prepared for optical sensors based on fluorescence measurement. The former sensor was found to produce linear response range towards Al(III) concentration in the range of 7.41 × 10-7 - 1.00 × 10-4 mol L-1 (0.02 - 2.70 ppm) while the latter membrane produced linear response range of 5.19 × 10-7 -6.00 × 10-5 mol L-1 (0.014 - 1.62 ppm). The detection limit was determined to be 5.19 × 10-7 mol L-1 (0.014 ppm) and 4.07 × 10-7 mol L-1 (0.011 ppm) for PVC: Triton X-100: DOP: morin and PVC: Aliquat 336: NaMSA based sensors, correspondingly. Finally, an optical sensor based on reflectance measurement was also developed. This bead shaped sensor was prepared from the mixture of PVC beads, Aliquat 336, DOP and ECR. The linear response range of 5.56 × 10-5 - 3.52 × 10-4 mol L-1 (1.50 - 9.50 ppm) was obtained, with detection limit of 3.41 × 10-5 mol L-1 (0.92 ppm). All of the constructed PIMs-based optical sensors were superior in terms of sensitivity and selectivity compared to classical membrane-based optical sensors (non PIMs sensors). All of the optical sensors were found to be regenerable by using fluoride solution except for bead-based optical sensor. Several ligands and ions namely EDTA, fluoride, phosphate, Be(II), Cu(II) and Fe(III), were found to interfere during Al(III) determination.,Bachelor
Pages:	250
Call Number:	TP159.C46 F338 2014
Publisher:	UKM, Bangi
Appears in Collections:	Faculty of Science and Technology / Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi

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