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Title:	Bridge pier protection using Epoxidised Natural Rubber Alumina Composites (ENRAN) for local scour reduction
Authors:	Ibtesam Habib (P75170)
Supervisor:	Wan Hanna Melini Wan Mohtar, Prof. Madya Dr.
Keywords:	Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia -- Dissertations Dissertations, Academic -- Malaysia Bridge pier Concrete Coating
Issue Date:	29-Jul-2021
Description:	A lot of attention is being given to modifying pier shape to provide self-protection as flow-altering countermeasure techniques to reduce scour depth at the upstream and downstream of the bridge pier. There is a need to design a new pier surface to dissipate the energy of incoming flow at the upstream nose, due to that relying solely on modifying the shape of the engineering pier to reduce scour, has disadvantages such as cost of construction, maintenance and sometimes structural instability. This study aims to investigate the effect of Epoxidised Natural Rubber Alumina Composites (ENRAN) coating on the local scour around the pier. Thus, the study seeks to develop methods for applying ENRAN coating on concrete; to characterise the ENRAN coated surface in order to establish the maximum reduction of local scour depth under different flow conditions; to determine the equilibrium time for coated and non-coated pier; and to evaluate the maximum reduction of local scour depth for different pier shapes. The present study will also evaluate the efficiency of the best coating at different conditions in front of the pier. Five types of adhesive materials were chosen for the ENRAN-concrete bondage, and the strength of (ENRAN) to withstand shocks and shearing as one of the potential scour countermeasures were tested. The adoption of a rough coating surface is based on the concept that its presence will sufficiently inhibit and/or deflect the local scour mechanisms and thereby reduce the local scour immediately adjacent to the pier. The primary experiments used physical hydraulic models to investigate the performance of ENRAN coating arrangement as local scour countermeasure and were carried out in an open rectangular flume. Three different piers shapes, circular cylinder, square and rectangular, were fabricated for use in the scouring tests; the experiments were carried out for nine hours in a clear-water condition where the bed material is made up of uniform sand. This study deals with the relation between pier shape, coating category and flow parameters (Froude number 0.12-0.27 and relative velocity 0.5-0.95) as the factors affecting scour characteristics. Of the ten types of ENRAN sheets, the mixed-various between slots and grainy D1 and D2 produced the highest scour reduction. Compared to the circular-shaped pier, the rectangular- and square-shaped piers showed 14% and 15% less scour reduction, respectively, when coating D1 was applied. These percentages are 11.94% and 13.14%, respectively, for rectangular and square piers applied with coating D2. The efficiency of the best circular pier coated with D1 and D2 under the highest Froude number of 0.27 and relative velocity of v/vc=0.95 showed a reduction ratio of 36% for D1 and 24.6% for D2 for scour depth; 37% for D1 and 19% for D2 for scouring width; and 41% for D1 and 20% at D2 for scouring length. Investigations of the rectangle and square piers were made for angles ranging from 0o to 20o and relative flow velocity v/vc ranging between 0.5 -0.95. Analysis of the data showed that coatings D1 and D2 still produced the smallest scour depth, width and longitudinal lengths compared to the piers without coating for both models; even with flow angles. This study also compared the maximum scour depth in the presence of debris accumulation at non-protected piers and piers applied with D1 and D2 coatings with the maximum scour depth without debris accumulation. The results for coated piers are very impressive even with increased contraction in the flume due to debris. The ENRAN-coated piers have the best scour protection.,Ph.D.
Pages:	240
Publisher:	UKM, Bangi
Appears in Collections:	Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment / Fakulti Kejuruteraan dan Alam Bina

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