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Title:	PAVECO: an integrated life cycle cost analysis and life cycle assessment toward sustainable airport pavement management system
Authors:	Peyman Babashamsi (P73137)
Supervisor:	Nur Izzi Md Yusoff, Dr.
Keywords:	Pavement Management system Airport Life cycle Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia -- Dissertations
Issue Date:	8-Jun-2017
Description:	Pavements provide critical infrastructure services for society. On the other hand, they pose significant impacts with regard to high material consumption, energy inputs, emission release, and massive capital investment. In this regard, a sustainable pavement management system was developed to evaluate various pavement strategies with regard to economic, environmental, operational, and societal impact throughout the pavement's life-cycle. Obtaining the maximum environmental benefit with the least cost is a key goal of pavement sustainable development, so an integrated lifecycle cost analysis (LCCA) and life-cycle assessment (LCA) is required to attain sustainable airport pavement. A novel (in the airport arena) integrated LCCA and LCA program, namely PAVECO, is introduced in this research; it compares economic alternatives in its environmental stage using various modules such as material, transportation, construction, maintenance and rehabilitation, and also end-of-life that covers almost every stage of a pavement during its life-cycle. PAVECO allows users to analyse and document airport pavement activities as well as to perform scenario analysis for future needs and cost requirements; it also evaluates energy consumption, global warming potential (GWP), acidification, eutrophication, human health criteria, and photochemical smog impact burden of each alternative during its lifetime. The LCCA and LCA methodologies developed under this study consider: evaluation of direct (agency) and indirect (user) costs and salvage value; consideration of deterministic and probabilistic approaches; implementation of LCA in a standardized and comprehensive manner by considering all modules in a cradle-to-grave method, and generation of well-analysed presentations of results to interpret LCCA and LCA outputs. The probabilistic approach is based on risk assessment and expanded Monte Carlo simulation. PAVECO was written by the R program under the package Shiny. The indirect costs considered in the LCCA part were expanded to consider both airport revenue reduction costs (ARRC) and airplane delay cost (ADC) that consists of fuel cost, crew cost, passenger delay cost and maintenance cost of delay. To demonstrate how the proposed methodology can be implemented, a case study of three alternatives, including hot mix asphalt (HMA), Portland cement concrete (PCC), and crack-sealing overlay (CSOL) was performed. Through the case study the CSOL option was found to be the best alternative with fewer environmental burdens than PCC and HMA by 35.8% and 28.3%, respectively. Comparing HMA and PCC, it was discovered that the HMA option has the highest uncertainty. Also, the analysis demonstrated higher indirect costs for PCC option in both ARRC and ADC aspects. Materials production dominated the energy consumption and GWP results, accounting for 77-84% of energy consumption and 66-93% C02-e generation among the alternatives. Finally, valuation, validation, and verification of PAVECO's result were performed, and results compared with the latest programs. In general, PAVECO gave an indication of being better at differentiating projects with various scenarios since it displayed reliable data quality, transparency, more exhaustive scope, comprehensive system boundary, and was also more user-friendly.,Ph.D.
Pages:	302
Publisher:	UKM, Bangi
Appears in Collections:	Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment / Fakulti Kejuruteraan dan Alam Bina

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