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Title:	Diet quality and dietary patterns among main ethnic groups in urban Malaysian population and their association with cardiometabolic risk factors and metabolic syndrome
Authors:	Gaiyal Vilay A/P Balasubramaniam (P75052)
Supervisor:	Prof. Dr Tilakavati Karupaiah
Keywords:	Diet Cardiometabolic Dissertations, Academic -- Malaysia
Issue Date:	19-Jul-2017
Description:	The assessment of interrelationships between dietary characteristics and cardiometabolic risks implicated in the development of non-communicable diseases is scarcely studied in Malaysia. This study aimed to determine diet quality (DQ) and dietary pattern (DP) of habitual diets of Malaysia Lipid Study subjects (n=577) representing an urban population and aged 20-65 years. DQ was scored using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-1995 adapted to the Malaysian Dietary Guidelines (MDG) together with the more comprehensive HEI-2010 version. For DP assessment, consumption of 32 food groups was analysed using principal component analysis. Associations of HEI scores and DP with cardiometabolic risk factors, metabolic syndrome, household income and eating out frequency were examined. Results indicated HEI-1995 total score was negatively correlated with BMI (r=-0.22,P<0.001), WC (r=-0.15, P<0.001), body fat percentage (r=-0.15, P=0.001), TC:HDLC (r=-0.12, P=0.005), fasting insulin (r=-0.12, P=0.005) as well as HOMA-IR (r=-0.11, P=0.011) and positively correlated with HDL-C (r=0.11, P=0.013). Multiple logistic regression identified the quartile 4 vs the lowest quartile 1 of HEI-1995 total score bore significantly lower odds for elevated WC (adjOR=0.39, 95% CI: 0.23, 0.65, P=0.002) and elevated TG (adjOR=0.40, 95% CI: 0.20, 0.81, P=0.042). When HEI-2010 total scores increased, odds for elevated TG decreased, with only the comparison between quartile 2 vs quartile 1 been significant (adjOR=0.34, 95% CI: 0.16-0.70,P=0.036). HEI-2010 total score was directly correlated with household income (r=0.13, P=0.002) and inversely correlated with eating out frequency (r=-0.13,P=0.002). Five DPs emerged, namely 'sugar-sweetened beverages' (SSB), 'Chinese traditional' (CT), 'refined rice' (RR), 'plant foods' (PF) and 'economy rice set' (ERS).Malays more likely to follow ERS pattern (43.0%, X2;=9.789, P=0.007). Chinese were more likely to follow CT pattern (52.7%, X2;=36.690, P<0.001) while Indians were least likely to follow this pattern (13.0%, X2;=27.219, P<0.001). Malays (27.2%, X2;=7.658,P=0.022) and Indians (28.1%, X2;=7.247, P=0.027) were least likely to follow the PF pattern. Chinese were least likely to follow the SSB pattern (24.1%, X2=11.300,P=0.004). The highest tertile of the SSB pattern was associated with higher BMI (P=0.031) and TC:HDL-C (P=0.012). For CT, subjects in tertile 3 had smaller WC (P=0.020). In contrast, tertile 3 subjects following RR had largest WC (P=0.008). MLR analysis indicated risk for metabolic synrome (adjOR of 2.23, 95% CI 1.27, 3.91, P=0.02) and WC (adjOR of 1.73, 95% CI 1.12, 2.67, P=0.03) were highest with the SSB pattern. Eating out frequency was positively associated with SSB (P<0.001), CT (P=0.004) as well as ERS (P=0.003) patterns, and inversely associated with PF pattern (P=0.023). These results showed that DQ and DPs of urban Malaysian population were associated with ethnicity. For non-communicable diseases prevention, it appears that nutrition intervention for the Malaysian population need to be ethnic specific to moderate beneficial health outcomes.,Sarjana Sains Kesihatan
Pages:	261
Call Number:	WK820.G144d 2017 9 tesis
Publisher:	UKM, Kuala Lumpur
Appears in Collections:	Faculty of Health Sciences / Fakulti Sains Kesihatan

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