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Title:	Optimal performance of fungi Ganoderma lucidum for domestic wastewater treatment
Authors:	Zarimah Mohd Hanafiah (P94376)
Supervisor:	Wan Hanna Melini Wan Mohtar, Assoc. Prof. Dr.
Keywords:	Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia -- Dissertations Dissertations, Academic -- Malaysia Fungi Ganoderma lucidum Wastewater treatment
Issue Date:	14-May-2020
Description:	Discharge of inefficient treated domestic wastewater to waterways may impose risks to both human and local ecosystem. The fluctuating strength of incoming wastewater (and simultaneously the carbon and nitrogen C/N ratio) into a sewage treatment plant (STP) may influence the efficiency of the designed treatment process. The typical domestic wastewater strength was hourly characterized to identify the wastewater pattern, including at peak and off peak. The concentration of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) of inflow wastewater at the inlet of a sewage treatment plant (STP) and a network pumping station (NPS) were temporally monitored. The temporal variation for COD concentration shows a regular trend for both locations, where the wastewater strength is fairly low concentration of COD between 57 mg/L and 313 mg/L at NPS and 117 mg/L to 612 mg/L at STP. To evaluate the potential of fungal based treatment in fluctuating wastewater strength, lab scale batch-reactors were setup. Utilizing the good degradation enzyme of fungal pellets, the reactors with a working volume of 800 mL synthetic domestic wastewater under aerobic condition were conducted. Constant volume of fungal wild-Serbian Ganoderma lucidum mycelium pellets (GLMPs) (0.1%) was fed into the wastewater with varying initial concentration of COD of 100 mg/L, 200 mg/L, 400 mg/L and 500 mg/L and constant NH3-N of 30 mg/L to systematically represent the carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratio of 3.3:1, 6.7:1, 13.3:1, and 16.7:1 (C3.3N1, C6.7N1, C13.3N1, and C16.7N1). The efficiency of GLMPs was assessed in a different initial pH of 4, 5 and 7. Results of experiments set at initial pH 4 and C/N ratio of C16.7N1 showed the highest removal efficiencies about 96.0% and 93.2%, respectively, for COD and NH3-N with 48 hours treatment time. The reduction efficiency in low strengths of COD at 100 mg/L, 200 mg/L and medium strength of 400 mg/L showed a consistent trend for both sets pH, with reduction about 65%, 81.6% and 90.9% respectively. From the basis pH experiment, the operational parameters of agitation speed (0 rpm, 25 rpm, 50 rpm, and 100 rpm), environmental temperature (25°C, 30°C, 35°C, and 40°C), and GLMPs inoculum percentage (0%, 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%, and 1.00%) were chosen for the optimisation GLMPs experiment. In the experiment, the agitation speed of 100 rpm and the environmental temperature of 25°C showed the best performance of the GLMPs within 15 hours of retention time with a percentage removal of 92.9% for COD and 93.8% for NH3–N. Furthermore, a high volume of inoculum percentage in the batch reactor had an insignificant impact on the performance in the same concentration of wastewater, and 0.25% GLMPs was the volume used to treat the domestic wastewater. The results from the experiment revealed the high potential of wild-Serbian GLMPs in treating the synthetic domestic wastewater, and further studies are necessary on the effect of this fungus on the treatment of domestic wastewater in order to fully adapt the medicinal mushroom to real-world applications.,Master of Science
Pages:	99
Publisher:	UKM, Bangi
Appears in Collections:	Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment / Fakulti Kejuruteraan dan Alam Bina

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