The effect of carrying backpack loads on the trunk backward and forward lean-a systematic review

Abstract

Carrying heavy backpack is common among school children and adults. The purpose of this study is to review the literature and compare the results that contributed to the effect of carrying backpack loads on the trunk backward and forward lean involving children and adults. A thorough review of the literature on the effect of carrying backpack loads on children and adults was examined. Results showed that with the load of even less than 15% of body weight, children have to walk with forward lean of the trunk while adults are in a forward lean position only after they carried backpack loads of 30% of their body weight.