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3. Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment / Fakulti Kejuruteraan dan Alam Bina

Title:	Recycled tyre isolator as earthquake resistant system for single storey buildings in Malaysia
Authors:	Siow Yun Tong (P75373)
Supervisor:	Anuar Kasa, Ir. Dr.
Keywords:	Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia -- Dissertations Dissertations, Academic -- Malaysia Earthquake resistant Single storey buildings Recycled tyre
Issue Date:	24-Sep-2020
Description:	Most structural engineers do not consider earthquake forces in their design especially for low rise buildings. Base isolation system is one of the conventional earthquake resistance systems. Currently, high damping rubber (HDR) and laminated rubber bearings are widely used as base isolator in high-rise buildings of more than ten stories and bridges. If same system is applied in low rise residential buildings, it will increase the overall construction cost significantly. Affordability is an important factor that affects the adoption of earthquake resistance system which lead to some studies on low cost isolators. However, the actual implementations are not encouraging. This study evaluates and demonstrates experimentally and numerically the feasibility of Recycled Tyre Isolator (RTI) as low-cost earthquake resistance system for single storey building in Malaysia. RTI is formed by layers of recycled tyre pads. The thread section of the tyre is cut into two types of dimension which are 300 mm x 200 mm rectangular and 150 mm x 150 mm square. Each layer has a thickness of 10 mm. The cut tyre pads are assembled by applying adhesive in between them. Tyre has long life span due to its high durability and it is non-biodegradable. The mechanical and dynamic properties of RTI are obtained via a series of experimental testing which are vertical compression test, dynamic load test and cyclic load test. The outcomes exhibit certain similarities in isolated mechanical behavior between RTI and existing commercial rubber bearing. These include damping ratio, vertical stiffness, horizontal stiffness and compression modulus. From the experiment, it is obvious that as the thickness of RTI increases, the vertical and horizontal stiffness will decrease. The results also show that RTI which has equivalent viscous damping ratio between 7 % to 10 % is suitable to be adopted as isolator. It is proven that the static stiffness of RTI is lower than the commercial Rubber Bearing due to the different component of Rubber Bearing. RTI has vertical bearing capacity ranging from 8 MPa to 10 MPa. Time history analysis on single storey building with fixed base and with RTI have been carried out. Real earthquake time history acceleration records were used to compute and compare nonlinear responses for both cases quantitatively. The result from the simulation shows that the isolation system is efficient in reducing the frequency and able to prolong the vibration period of the structure. This low-cost isolators are suitable to be deployed in new residential and commercial buildings as well as retrofitting exiting buildings in active seismic areas of developing countries. Various effects of earthquakes motion on the response of isolated structure are examined and validated which include reduction in vibration frequency, lengthening of natural period and reduction in displacement of the structure. These research works provide a reliable, low cost and sustainable solution for earthquake resistance systems. It leads to the development and deployment of RTI in resolving structural damages in low rise buildings during the occurrence of earthquakes.,Ph.D.
Pages:	136
Publisher:	UKM, Bangi
Appears in Collections:	Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment / Fakulti Kejuruteraan dan Alam Bina

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