Analysis of the solar energetic particle propagation and their solar wind effect measured at earth

Abstract

Solar energetic particles are generated from solar flare and coronal mass ejections (CMEs). A solar flare is an explosion on the surface of the Sun. Both flares and CMEs release high energy particles from the Sun into the interplanetary medium. These particles have important effects on the Earth, such as disrupting radio communications, causing electric power failures and causing radiation warnings on transoceanic airplane flights. If a solar flare happens on the Sun while the solar wind speed is high, then the effects on the Earth by the attaching of the solar energetic particles will be violent. These phenomena are of much interest regarding the study of the information of the solar energetic particle propagation and the effects of the solar wind. The authors treat the solar energetic particle propagation from the Sun to the Earth by using the transport equation in different situations. The authors analyze the solar events from the spacecraft data, which detected the solar particles coming to the Earth and the other environments in the interplanetary medium. The results from this analysis tell us information about the acceleration of particles near the Sun, which are useful for damage protection in the future.