Effect of modified hank’s balanced salt solution on periodontal fibroblasts’ viability as storage media for avulsed tooth

Abstract

The ideal storage medium for an avulsed tooth must maintain the viability of periodontal fibroblasts as much as possible to promote the re-attachment of periodontal fibres and the healing process after tooth replantation. This study was performed to compare the viability of periodontal fibroblasts in Hank’s balanced salt solution (HBSS) and four modified HBSS mixtures. Six sound human permanent teeth indicated for orthodontic extraction were collected from the Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. Periodontal cells were obtained from the middle third of the root of extracted teeth and processed for cell culture. The cells were then exposed to the five experimental media: i) HBSS, ii) HBSS and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), iii) HBSS and ascorbic acid, iv) mixture of HBSS, PDGF and ascorbic acid, and v) HBSS and platelet lysate (PL) for 3, 6, 12 and 24 hours. Cell viability was determined by MTT assay with a reference wavelength set to 570 nm. The measured optical density readings were documented. The HBSS+Ascorbic acid group was significantly better in maintaining the periodontal fibroblasts’ viability than HBSS alone, with the percentages of periodontal fibroblasts' viability of 242.37 ± 10.05%, 104.71 ± 4.51%, 241.23 ± 6.93%, and 163.99 ± 8.21% for HBSS and ascorbic acid, HBSS and PDGF, the mixture of HBSS, PDGF and ascorbic acid, and HBSS with PL respectively at 24 hours. The mixture of HBSS+ascorbic acid showed the best performance in sustaining the cells’ viability. The results indicated that the mixture of ascorbic acid and HBSS is suitable as a storage medium for avulsed teeth.