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Title:	Thermal and spalling behaviour of high-performance concrete tunnel lining at road tunnel fire temperature
Authors:	Husen Abduallah Alhawat (P86110)
Supervisor:	Roszilah Hamid, Prof. Dr.
Keywords:	Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia -- Dissertations Dissertations, Academic -- Malaysia Road tunnel fire Building fire Temperature Concrete
Issue Date:	14-Apr-2022
Description:	The temperature of a road tunnel fire differs from the temperature of a building fire based on the peak temperature and the time taken to reach the peak. Recent fire experiments conducted in the Runehamar Tunnel showed that the Heat Release Rate (HRR) for heavy goods vehicles (HGV) can range from 67 to 200 MW. Tunnel fire follows the RABT-ZTV guideline, with temperature rising rapidly up to 1200 °C within 5 min. The duration of the 1200 °C exposure is shorter with temperature drop-off starting to occur at 30 min for car fires. The objective of this study is to determine the thermal and spalling behaviours of a high-performance concrete (HPC) tunnel lining at road tunnel fire temperatures. The first stage of this study involved the process of designing a large-scale fire test. In this study, two tunnel rings were constructed, whereby one tunnel ring was constructed using HPC, while the control tunnel ring was constructed from a current construction project (CCC). The ventilation and fire loads, which were the main effective factors, were designed to achieve the RABT-ZTV curve and HHR for HGV. The second stage involved the residual strength of both concrete tunnels was determined by drilling cores in different locations depending on the spalling situation. Finally, the development of a finite element modelling (FEM) using ABAQUS to predict heat transfer in the concrete exposed to RABT-ZTV. The results showed that the test setup design has replicated the RABT-ZTV time-temperature curve. The thermal and spalling behaviours of the fire-resistant tunnel lining segments were compared to those of CCC. The results showed that the temperatures had steadily decreased with the increasing depth of the concrete cover from the surface exposed to fire. The FRC segments showed less temperature decrement compared to the concrete segments used in the CCC. The maximum temperature of 1045°C and 1042°C were observed at the internal surface for CCC and HPC respectively. The HPC segments showed good concrete spalling resistance behaviour, whereas the CCC segments had spalled severely up to a depth of 50 mm and more in some areas after exposure to the standard RABT fire curve. Based on the data, the designed temperature distribution was 22% higher than the simulation, although the temperature was just 10% higher from 40 to 60 min. However, the temperature readings during the last phase of the experimental and simulation tests were almost identical. It was observed that there was a difference between the FE simulation and the experimental temperature distributions due to the spalling effect. The residual compressive strengths of both concretes were 66.0% and 62.5% from the original 72.3 MPa for HPC and 72.5 MPa for CCC, respectively. No large difference in compressive strength was found between both types of concrete, although there was a significant difference between the spalling because the component in the HPC concrete has more effect on spalling and fire resistance than compressive strength and static loading. Thus, HPC is safe to be applied in road tunnel construction to avoid the risk of severe spalling that could threaten the stability of the structure. It can also be used to reduce the various effects of fire and temperature. Moreover, the properties of high-performance HVFANS concrete (HPC) and current construction concrete (CCC) would be available to civil infrastructure designers.,Ph.D.,Soft copy cannot be uploaded
Pages:	240
Publisher:	UKM, Bangi
Appears in Collections:	Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment / Fakulti Kejuruteraan dan Alam Bina

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