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Title:	Legal protection of consumer rights in electronic commerce transactions in Iran
Authors:	Bagheri Parviz (P52890)
Supervisor:	Kamal Halili Hassan, Prof. Dr.
Keywords:	Electronic commerce (e-commerce) Legislative interference Consumer rights Dissertations, Academic -- Malaysia
Issue Date:	22-Mar-2013
Description:	Electronic commerce (e-commerce) -conducting business through the electronic media especially the Internet- has revolutionized the way in which commercial transactions are being carried out throughout the virtual world. Although e-commerce as a positive phenomenon has brought advantages to the era of e-business, the same cannot be said for the legal protection of consumers who resort to e-commerce transactions. Differences in knowledge, expertise and bargaining strength of the contracting parties as propagated in the doctrine of freedom of contract has made it necessary for legislative interference in e-consumer transactions. This thesis using the content analysis methodology, with critical, pure legal, jurisprudential and comparative approach namely qualitative method, analyses the comprehensiveness of the existing laws in Islamic Republic of Iran. The researcher analyses the existing laws such as the law of contract, the Civil Code 1936, Civil Liability Code 1960 and other laws affecting e-commerce contract namely Electronic Commerce Law (ECL) 2004, Consumer Rights Protection Act (CRPA) 2009 and Computer Crimes Act 2009. The study covers areas of policy, infrastructure and law in the development of ecommerce in Iran, e-consumer rights at the pre-contractual stage and formation of online contracts, data privacy and consumer rights in e-commerce, e-consumer rights at post-contractual stage and conflict of laws, and the practice of e-commerce in Islamic law. The researcher scrutinizes the comprehensiveness of Iranian laws pertaining to the e-commerce transactions and the efficiency and adequacy of the laws in protecting consumers entering into e-commerce contract for the sale of goods. This thesis propounds to impose regulatory measures in a business-to-consumer (B2C) transaction via the Internet. The research findings expose that the current laws are not adequate and efficient for the purposes of the areas analyzed in an e-commerce contract in the context of consumer protection. At the meantime, from Islamic perspective there is still a need to reconstruct the Islamic conventional laws and legislations to make them to be consistent with modern business innovations. The researcher thus proposes a particular regulatory framework, in the form of an "Electronic-Commerce Contracts Act" along with recommendations which suits the ecommerce contracting and at the same time can accord protection to consumers in the virtual era.,Perdagangan elektronik (e-dagang) iaitu menjalankan perniagaan melalui media elektronik khususnya Internet telah merevolusikan cara urus niaga perdagangan dijalankan di alam maya. Walaupun e-dagang dilihat sebagai satu fenomena positif yang telah membawa kelebihan kepada era e-perniagaan, namun hal yang sama tidak boleh dikatakan wujud untuk melindungi pengguna daripada segi undang-undang yang menjalankan urus niaga e-dagang. Kelebihan daripada segi pengetahuan, kepakaran dan tawar-menawar pihak yang berkontrak seperti yang disebarkan dalam doktrin kebebasan kontrak, membuat perlunya perlindungan perundangan dalam transaksi e-pengguna. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan metodologi analisis kandungan, melalui analisis yang kritikal, kaedah asas undang-undang jurisprudensi dan analisis kajian perbandingan iaitu pendekatan kualitatif, menganalisis keseluruhan undang-undang yang sedia ada di Republik Islam Iran. Penyelidik mengkaji undang-undang yang sedia ada seperti Undang-undang Kontrak, Undangundang Sivil 1936, Undang-undang Sivil dan Liabiliti 1960 dan undang-undang lain yang berkaitan dengan kontrak e-dagang iaitu Undang-undang Perdagangan Elektronik (ECL) 2004, Akta Perlindungan Hak Pengguna (CRPA) 2009 dan Akta Jenayah Siber 2009. Kajian ini meliputi perkara dasar, infrastruktur dan undangundang dalam pembangunan e-dagang di Iran, hak e-pengguna di peringkat prakontrak serta pembentukan kontrak dalam talian, privasi terhadap data dan hak pengguna dalam e-dagang, hak e-pengguna pada peringkat pasca kontrak dan konflik undang-undang serta amalan e-dagang dalam undang-undang Islam. Penyelidik meneliti keseluruhan undang-undang Iran yang berkaitan untuk urus niaga e-dagang dan mengkaji keberkesanan peruntukan undang-undang dalam melindungi pengguna apabila memasuki kontrak e-dagang untuk jualan barang-barang. Penyelidik berharap kajian ini dapat menyumbang ke arah langkah-langkah pengawalseliaan dalam transaksi perniagaan kepada pengguna (B2C) melalui Internet. Hasil penyelidikan mendapati bahawa peruntukan undang-undang yang sedia ada kurang berkesan dalam merangkumi keseluruhan terma yang dianalisis dalam kontrak e-dagang berdasarkan kepada konteks perlindungan pengguna. Sementara itu, daripada sudut perspektif Islam, penyelidik mendapati masih perlu untuk menyemak semula perundangan Islam yang konvensional supaya dapat diselaraskan dengan inovasi perniagaan moden tetapi masih berlandaskan hukum Islam. Oleh itu, penyelidik mencadangkan agar satu rangka kerja peraturan disemak semula dalam bentuk sebuah Akta Kontrak EPerdagangan" berserta dengan cadangan yang sesuai dengan kontrak e-dagang
Pages:	369
Call Number:	C23.PAR 2013 2
Publisher:	UKM, Bangi
Appears in Collections:	Faculty of Law / Fakulti Undang-undang

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