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Title:	Weed management practices and their effects on the growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors:	Hossein Mohammadi (P67781)
Supervisor:	Ismail Sahid, Prof. Dr.
Keywords:	Weeds -- Control Wheat Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia -- Dissertations Dissertations, Academic -- Malaysia
Issue Date:	25-Feb-2018
Description:	Weeds are one of the most important factors that affect wheat performance. For example, they can cause considerable losses in yield. In Afghanistan, studies on the weed management of wheat performance are scarce. As such, the growth, distribution within fields, and effects of weeds on crop yield should be elucidated to achieve effective weed control. This study was performed at the Mullahghulam Agriculture Research Center, Bamyan, Afghanistan, in spring and winter in 2013 and 2014. The following weed management practices were considered: seeding rates (125, 130, 135, 140, 145, and 150 kg/ha), planting date (April 2, 8, 14, 20, and 26 and May 2), and use of herbicides/hand weeding (hand weed control, 600 ml active ingredient (ai)/L MCPA as post emergence, 750 g ai/kg triasulfuron as pre emergence, 750 g ai/kg Express® (tribenuron methyl) as post emergence, 130 g ai/kg Merit (pyroxsulam) as post emergence, and unweeded check). Six treatments from different weed managements were replicated four times and arranged in a randomized complete block design. Results showed that the most problematic weeds in the wheat crop field were broad-leaved weeds, such as Chenopodium album, Amaranthus bouchonii, Convolvulus arvensis, Acroptilon repense, and Polygonium aviculare. Other monocotyledon weeds, such as Cyperus rotundus, Phalaris minor, Agropyron repens, Avena fatua, and Cynodon dactylon, were also recorded in the fields. A significant difference was observed in various seeding rates. The application of seeds at a rate of 140 kg/ha for spring and winter wheat produced the highest yields of 2,897 and 2,982 kg/ha, respectively. Planting date also significantly affected weed performance. The early planting of wheat on April 2 resulted in the highest grain yield (2,963 kg/ha) and suppressed the weed population. The late planting of wheat on May 2 produced the lowest grain yield of 1,079 kg/ha and the highest weed density. The highest grain yields of the winter (3,468 kg/ha) and spring (2,936 kg/ha) wheat were detected in the hand-weeded plots. The yields of winter wheat applied with MCPA, triasulfuron, tribenuron methyl, and pyroxysulum were 2,970, 3,331, 3,305, and 3,407 kg/ha, respectively. The yields of spring wheat applied with MCPA, triasulfuron, tribenuron methyl, and pyroxysulum were 2,373, 2,406, 2,031, and 2,313 kg/ha, respectively. The lowest grain yields of winter (2,294 kg/ha) and spring (1,855 kg/ha) wheat were determined in the unweeded plots, respectively. An optimum seed rate of 140-145 kg/ha and early sowing time from April 2 to 8 contributed to the improvement of the growth and yield of the wheat plants and a decrease in weed densities. Triasulfuron herbicide was more effective than other herbicides in controlling weeds. Triasulfuron herbicide is recommended for Afghan farmers to increase wheat production where there is lack of manpower at the peak period of demands for hand weeding with a high ratio of marginal return to marginal cost.,'Certification of Master's/Doctoral Thesis' is not available,Ph.D.
Pages:	204
Call Number:	SB611.3.M833 2018 tesis
Publisher:	UKM, Bangi
Appears in Collections:	Faculty of Science and Technology / Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi

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