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Title:	Fresh-brine water effect on the engineering properties of Lisan Peninsula Marl-Dead Sea-Jordan
Authors:	Mansour Ziad Mahmoud Mustafa (P37160)
Supervisor:	Zamri Chik ,Dr.
Keywords:	Dissertations, Academic -- Malaysia Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia -- Dissertations Marl -- Jordan -- Composition Sea salt -- Jordan Dead Sea (Israel and Jordan)
Issue Date:	14-Jul-2009
Description:	On the recently emerged platform resulting from the regression of the Dead Sea, Arab Potash Company, Jordan constructed two large salt pans. These salt pans which are surrounded by large watertight dike structures made of marl are built on a soft silty clay foundation material named Lisan Marl. Soluble salts are major components in Lisan marl. This research was carried out to provide engineering parameters for the Lisan marl aiming at accurate assessment of the dike behaviour taking into account the changed material behaviour due to leaching and consequently, the effect of leaching on dike stability and settlement during and after 'staged' construction. To determine the engineering properties of Lisan Marl (CL - ML soil), the presence of soluble minerals in this soil were taken into consideration. The properties considered in this study for the marl as dike construction material were mineralogy, grain size distribution, consistency limits, moisture content - dry density relationship (Proctor test), specific gravity and unconfined compressive strength. The results showed that brine water significantly increased the maximum dry density and decreased the optimum moisture content. Liquid limit and the fine particles were decreased upon using brine as testing media compared with the standard methods. The unconfined compressive strength on the other hand, shows higher values upon molding the samples with fresh water compared with samples treated with Dead Sea brine water. Investigation of the effects of subjecting Lisan Marl as a dike foundation material due to fresh water is crucial especially for assessment of end and post construction settlement. For this purpose 12 Shelby tubes samples were collected from the concerned Dead Sea area. In order to evaluate the effect of fresh water on the engineering behaviour of Lisan marl, laboratory tests including mineralogy, classification tests, unconsolidated undrained triaxial, drained direct shear test, compressibility and collapse potential evaluation were conducted. Collapsible soil is defined as soil susceptible to a large reduction in volume upon wetting without increasing the vertical stress. Slightly collapsible behaviour upon inundation with distilled water was observed. Leaching the Lisan Marl with distilled water significantly increased the soil compressibility and the soil could be classified as a 'problematic soil' with a collapse potential of 9.7%. Leaching under drained direct shear test showed negligible effect on internal friction angle. However, cohesion intercept was found to increase upon leaching by 4 to 8 times. Nonlinear finite element modelling using commercial software showed a reasonably good agreement with the laboratory experimental results. Triaxial test was modeled to study the effect of leaching on the stress-strain behaviour of the Lisan marl. The triaxial model showed that leaching caused a decrease in the elastic modulus and nominal decrease in the effective friction angle. Dike modelling using stage construction method showed that leaching increased the magnitude of end construction settlement by about 42% compared with natural or unleached soil.,Certification of Masters / Doctoral Thesis is not available,Ph.D
Pages:	195
Call Number:	TN948.M3M366 2009 tesis
Publisher:	UKM, Bangi
Appears in Collections:	Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment / Fakulti Kejuruteraan dan Alam Bina

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