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Title:	Design of ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna based microwave imaging for breast tumor detection
Authors:	Md. Zulfiker Mahmud (P81555)
Supervisor:	Mohammad Tariqul Islam, Prof. Dr.
Keywords:	Ultra-wideband antennas
Issue Date:	6-Jan-2018
Description:	Breast cancer is reported as a prime cause of unwanted death of women all over the world. More than 1.8 million new breast cancer cases are diagnosed every year worldwide. It is not an incurable disease. The key factor of breast cancer treatment is to reliably diagnose it in the earlier stages. Given early breast cancer detection and treatment, the survival rate can even reach up to 97%, which emphasizes the urgent requirement of a reliable and highly efficient method for early breast cancer detection. X-ray mammography, Computed Tomography (CT), Ultra-Sound (US), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) are frequently used diagnostic systems for detecting breast cancer. However, these techniques have some limitations like false indication, lowresolution scan, higher cost, uncomfortable compression and ionization, performance degradation for the deep-lying or solid tumor and time-consuming diagnostic process. In this thesis, a new, complete and comprehensive microwave imaging system (MIS) is presented to detect the unwanted tumor cells inside the breast. In the first stage of this thesis, slotted UWB antenna and a CPW-fed MTM EBG antenna are designed, developed and fabricated, which satisfied all the requirements for MIS application. A novel miniaturization technique is proposed to reduce the size of the slotted antenna. This approach enhances the operating frequency bandwidth and increases the gain and efficiency with miniaturizing the antenna size of 49%. To reduce the cross-polarization level, the parameters of both antennas are studied and optimized by using commercially available Computer Simulation Technology (CST) software. The proposed antennas are found to be efficient in terms of reflection co-efficient, gain, efficiency, radiation pattern, current distribution and both in frequency and time domain characterizations. Secondly, experimental validation of the antennas have been performed by designing and developing a microwave imaging system to detect unwanted tumors inside the breast phantom. The basic principle of microwave imaging is to analyze the change of back-scattered signal with the change of different electrical properties of tissues. Commercially off-the-shelf breast phantom containing dielectric properties same as real breast tissue with the inclusion of tumor cell is used for experimental validation. The collected data are processed using the frequency domain imaging algorithm which reconstructs the image of breast interior to detect and localize the tumor using Matlab. The change of backscattered signals with the change of dielectric contents inside the structure of breast phantom is analyzed. The remarkable variation of the back-scattered signal can exploit the unwanted tumor cells inside the breast which contain higher dielectric constant than normal breast tissues. Finally, the developed UWB antenna based MIS has been able to perform the detection of tumorous cells in breast phantom that can pave the way of saving lives.,Certification of Master's/Doctoral Thesis" is not available
Pages:	137
Call Number:	TK7871.67.U45M447 2018 3 tesis
Publisher:	UKM, Bangi
Appears in Collections:	Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment / Fakulti Kejuruteraan dan Alam Bina

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