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https://ptsldigital.ukm.my/jspui/handle/123456789/486830Full metadata record
| DC Field | Value | Language |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | Abdul Wahab Muhammad, Prof. Ir. Dr. | |
| dc.contributor.author | Arif Ab Hadi (P60938) | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2023-10-11T02:25:50Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2023-10-11T02:25:50Z | - |
| dc.date.issued | 2017-08-06 | |
| dc.identifier.other | ukmvital:94719 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://ptsldigital.ukm.my/jspui/handle/123456789/486830 | - |
| dc.description | For palm oil mill process, it is essential to ensure a sufficient heat penetration from the steam towards the fresh fruit bunches (FFB) for better sterilization efficiency. The non-uniformity of temperature distribution across the FFB inside the cage which is due to some of the FFB at a location area directly exposed to steam will be heated up more as compared to less exposed ones, will eventually lead to excess steam consumption from boiler, hence increase in the amount of POME. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the temperature distribution and heat transfer of FFB for the batch sterilization process. The mill experiment was conducted at Sime Darby East Oil Mill. The laboratory experiment was conducted to investigate the optimum heat transfer for satisfactory sterilization at Sime Darby R&D Laboratory. A mathematical model based on finite difference explicit method was developed by using spreadsheet software to predict the temperature distribution inside FFB. The validation of model involves laboratory experimental data and comparison with data from Mongana Report, Chan SY modeling and Ang et al experimental data. The experimental data was best represented by the model with adjusted value of effective thermal conductivity, keff = 8.7 W/mK which is approximately 17 times the overall FFB thermal conductivity, k = 0.4988 W/mK. The optimum heat transfer based on experimental data was used to determine the optimum condition inside cage. The temperature distribution across Y axis at average value of Z and X axis (Y1 to Y6, X1-X6 Z1-Z6) was chosen for heat transfer towards FFB and steam consumption analysis based on steady decreasing temperature change across Y axis inside cage. Based on the modeling results for an average FFB weight of17kg, the average heat transfer decreases for the FFB fruitlet from the regions near the surface towards the FFB center and from top towards the bottom of cage (Y1 to Y6) which resulted shorter cooking period for fruitlet at the outer layer and located at the top of cage (Y1). A better heat transfer efficiency was observed at the top as compared to bottom of cage, which is 15.15% versus 6.8% based on difference between optimum and normal condition. The average heat transfer decreases from the lighter FFB towards the heavier FFB which resulted in a shorter cooking period for smaller bunches. A better heat transfer efficiency was observed for 4.33kg bunch as compared to 31.26kg bunch, which is 13.23% versus -3.18% based on difference between optimum and normal condition. The analysis of process optimization based on FFB arrangement suggest that process optimization based on FFB arrangement according to weight segregation at 3 different cycles offered the best alternative choice in terms of efficiency and practicality as compared to the optimum and least optimum FFB arrangement in a fixed sterilization cycle and also the optimum FFB arrangement where the FFB is cooked separately at 6 different cycles based on FFB weight. The excess steam consumption was translated into estimated cost savings and POME reduction for all the options above.,Certification of Master's/Doctoral Thesis" is not available | |
| dc.language.iso | eng | |
| dc.publisher | UKM, Bangi | |
| dc.relation | Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment / Fakulti Kejuruteraan dan Alam Bina | |
| dc.rights | UKM | |
| dc.subject | Fresh fruit bunches | |
| dc.subject | Temperature | |
| dc.subject | Sterilization | |
| dc.subject | Steam | |
| dc.subject | Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia -- Dissertations | |
| dc.title | Temperature distribution for fresh fruit bunch during sterilization process and steam optimization | |
| dc.type | Theses | |
| dc.format.pages | 193 | |
| dc.identifier.barcode | 002702(2017) | |
| Appears in Collections: | Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment / Fakulti Kejuruteraan dan Alam Bina | |
Files in This Item:
| File | Description | Size | Format | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ukmvital_94719+SOURCE1+SOURCE1.0.PDF Restricted Access | 163.27 kB | Adobe PDF |  View/Open |
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