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Title:	The fundamental simulation model for bus service reliability at high-frequency operation
Authors:	Seyed Mohammad Hossein Moosavi (P74235)
Supervisor:	Amiruddin Ismail, Prof. Dr.
Keywords:	Bus services Reliability Passengers Operators Simulation model Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia -- Dissertations
Issue Date:	8-Apr-2017
Description:	Bus services naturally tend to be unstable and are unable to adhere to schedules without control strategies. Therefore, bus users and providers face travel time variation and irregularity. Service variation can greatly impact passengers' experience and perception of bus services. In addition, unreliable service can increase operating costs and decrease revenue. According to review of literature, there is no consistency in reliability definition and indicators. Companies have their own definition of bus service reliability and they mostly neglect about the passengers' perspective of reliability. Accordingly, four different reliability indicators were selected in this study to cover both passengers' and operators' perceptions of reliability: waiting time and on-board crowding level from passengers' perspective, and headway regularity index (on-time performance) and bus bunching/big gap percentage from operators' perspective. The primary objective of this research is to improve reliability of high-frequency bus service and analysis tools currently used in the bus transit industry. Therefore, a simulation model of high frequency bus service was developed in order to study the causes of service unreliability and strategies to alleviate it. Next, several operating strategies, including terminal departure and time-point holding for schedule or headway, were modelled and evaluated for their potential to improve reliability. The simulation model was verified with an interactive debugger, a detailed log file, and animated playback. The validation process compared real performance of a route to simulated performance with the same vehicle profile in terms of dwell times, segment running times, and headways. The sensitivity analysis and operation strategy testing support the use of both passenger-centric metrics such as passenger-experienced waiting time and crowding, and operational-centric metrics such as headway regularity, big gap and. According to results, level of reliability in Route U32 showed the highest sensitivity to the headway variations. For instance, waiting time improved by 75%, if only headway variations decreased to 25% of actual value. In addition, terminal departure deviations also had a considerable impact on bus service reliability. Four different type of strategies were selected and implemented according to Route U32 specifications and results of sensitivity analysis. Model results showed that headway-based dispatching management strategies implemented at the terminal can significantly improve headway regularity by almost 62% in and waiting time by 51% in average. Moreover, implementing of component of headway-based strategies at terminal and key stops showed the best impact on bus service reliability in term of passenger waiting time. Waiting time and excess waiting time both reduced significantly by 52.86% and 81.44%, respectively. The simulation model is a valuable research tool for applications beyond those tested in this research. The model developed can be applied with from data collected by automatic collection systems which is useful feature for transit agencies.,Certification of Master's/Doctoral Thesis" is not available
Pages:	309
Publisher:	UKM, Bangi
Appears in Collections:	Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment / Fakulti Kejuruteraan dan Alam Bina

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