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Title:	Kesan rawatan Nistagmus Infantil terhadap status penglihatan, prestasi membaca dan posisi kepala abnormal
Authors:	Noor Haziq Saliman (P 62271)
Supervisor:	Zainora Mohammed, Dr.
Keywords:	Nistagmus Infantil Penglihatan Vision Disorders -- infancy and childhood Dissertations, Academic -- Malaysia
Issue Date:	6-Feb-2014
Description:	Nistagmus infantil merupakan salah satu punca gangguan penglihatan yang sering ditemui dalam kalangan kanak-kanak penglihatan terhad. Nistagmus infantil menyebabkan penurunan penglihatan seterusnya menjejaskan keupayaan melakukan aktiviti harian seperti membaca. Oleh itu kajian ini bertujuan mengkaji kesan rawatan nistagmus ke atas status penglihatan, prestasi membaca dan posisi kepala abnormal (AHP) dalam kalangan pelajar sekolah dengan nistagmus. Kajian ini disertai oleh 27 orang subjek, iaitu 10 lelaki dan 17 perempuan dengan purata umur 14.89±1.67 tahun. Kesemua subjek kajian diberikan kacamata untuk pembetulan ralat refraksi sebelum rawatan dimulakan. Kajian ini terbahagi kepada 2 fasa; Fasa I adalah rawatan tunggal di mana subjek dibahagikan kepada 3 kumpulan (n=9 setiap kumpulan dan dipadankan mengikut akuiti visual jauh) iaitu kumpulan kawalan (kacamata) dan kumpulan kajian (kanta sentuh dan zon nol). Fasa II pula adalah rawatan kombinasi yang hanya melibatkan kumpulan kajian di mana subjek kanta sentuh diberikan rawatan tambahan zon nol manakala subjek zon nol diberikan rawatan tambahan kanta sentuh. Setiap rawatan mengambil masa 5 minggu dan pengukuran parameter dilakukan selepas pra-intervensi, Fasa I dan Fasa II. Parameter yang diukur adalah akuiti visual jauh dan dekat (carta logMAR dan MNRead), sensitiviti kontras (carta Pelli-Robson), prestasi membaca dan gambar posisi kepala ketika subjek membaca. Semua parameter dasar di antara ketiga-tiga kumpulan adalah tidak berbeza secara statistik (p>0.05) pada 95% selang keyakinan menggunakan ujian ANOVA sehala.Parameter yang diukur pada kedua-dua fasa bagi subjek kacamata tidak menunjukkan perubahan signifikan. Subjek kumpulan kanta sentuh menunjukkan peningkatan akuiti visual pada Fasa I (ujian Wilcoxon Signed Rank, Z=-2.26, p<0.05). Pada Fasa II pula, prestasi membaca menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan (Ujian t-berpasangan: kadar membaca, t=2.77, p<0.05; masa membaca, t=-2.88, p<0.05). Subjek zon nol menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan bagi prestasi membaca (Ujian t-berpasangan: kadar membaca, t=3.36, p<0.05; masa membaca, t=-2.48, p<0.05) pada Fasa I. Manakala pada Fasa II hanya kadar membaca (Ujian t-berpasangan: t=-3.07, p<0.05) menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan. Ayunan nistagmus sentak (jerk) berkurangan dengan rawatan kanta sentuh manakala rawatan zon nol mengurangkan kedua-dua jenis ayunan nistagmus, sentak (jerk) dan pendula (pendular). Posisi kepala abnormal (AHP) subjek kacamata tidak berubah sepanjang kajian. Namun rawatan kanta sentuh dan zon nol didapati mengurangkan AHP. Kesimpulannya, secara umum, kebanyakan rawatan didapati tidak meningkatkan status penglihatan. Namun rawatan zon nol secara tunggal atau kombinasi didapati meningkatkan prestasi membaca serta mengurangkan AHP.,Infantile nystagmus is one of the common causes of visual impairment in children. Infantile nystagmus may affect vision consequently causes difficulty in performing activities of daily living such as reading. Therefore the aim of this study is to investigate the effects of nystagmus treatment on visual status, reading performance and abnormal head posture (AHP) among school children with nystagmus. The study involved 27 subjects, 10 male and 17 female with mean age of 14.89±1.67 years. All subjects were given glasses before treatment. This study was carried out in 2 phasesZ; the Phase I was single treatment in which subjects were divided into 3 groups (n=9 in each group and matched according to visual acuity) that are control group (glasses)and experimental groups (contact lens and null zone). The Phase II was combined treatment involving the experimental groups only, contact lens subjects were given additional noll zone treatment and null zone subjects were given additional contact lens treatment. Each treatment last for 5 weeks and parameters were measured after pre-intervention, Phase I and Phase II. Parameters measured were distance and near visual acuity (logMAR and MNRead charts), contrast sensitivity (Pelli-Robson chart), reading performance and photos of head postures while reading. Baseline performance measured between the 3 groups using One Way ANOVA were not statistically significant (p>0.05) at 95% confidence interval. Paired t-test was employed to assess effects after Phase I and II treatment. No significant differences were found for all parameters measured in spectacles group in both phases. Contact lens subjects showed significant improvement of near visual acuity (p<0.05) in Phase I and reading performance parameters (p<0.05) in Phase II at 95% confidence interval. Null zone subjects showed significant improvement of all reading performance parameters (p<0.05) in Phase I and reading rate (p=0.015) in Phase II at 95% confidence interval. Jerk eye movement seems to reduce with contact lens while null zone treatment reduced both jerk and pendular eye movement. AHP remained in spectacles subjects throughout the study. However, contact lens and null zone treatments were able to reduce AHP. In general, contact lens and spectacle did not improve nystagmus visual status. However, null zone treatment markedly improved reading performance and reduced AHP when given as single or combined.,Master
Pages:	141
Call Number:	WS340.N8102k 2015 9 tesis
Publisher:	UKM, Kuala Lumpur
Appears in Collections:	Faculty of Health Sciences / Fakulti Sains Kesihatan

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