Aesthetics 3D geovisualization model for flood disaster using overlap XYZ coordinate

Abstract

Floods are a common type of natural disaster, which are as a result of global warming and are amongst the most harmful to people and property. Prior awareness and information supply to the community is required to reduce the negative impacts of floods. One way to overcome this problem is by providing a community with education media that can help in delivering the disaster information. 2D and 3D geovisualization techniques have been used in flood modeling to convey flood disaster information. However, visual results stemming from such techniques are still unsatisfactory. This study has applied the aesthetic values of the elements to produce 3D geovisualizations which seem more realistic. 3D geovisualization software such as ArcGIS is capable of producing format files that are compatible with multimedia software, which can be used to add aesthetic value to the visualizations. In the study, the geovisualization process was performed by transforming spatial data into visuals using ArcMap. The results of the visuals were then combined with other spatial data using ArcScene. To make the visuals of 3D geovisualization appear more realistic, 3D object mapping methods were implemented using photogrammetry techniques that were produced from aerial photos using drones. The 3D geovisualization was combined by an overlapping method of XYZ coordinates with Cinema 4D software. The modeling results of overlapping XYZ coordinates were further refined by re-modeling and adding aesthetic parameters using several multimedia software. In conducting the experiment of developing the prototype in this study, data from the flood that had occurred in Jambi city in year 2013 was used as the sample data. The prototype was used to evaluate the proposed Aesthetic 3D Geovisualization Model to introduce the aesthetic value in building the realistic 3D geovisualization visuals. In the stage of evaluation, a questionnaire was developed and a survey using it was conducted, to evaluate the success of the Aesthetics 3D Geovisualization Model in delivering the information of flood disaster for a community education program. A total of 100 respondents comprising of visual communication designers were involved in the questionnaire, where they were required to compare three geovisualized 3D samples using non-probability sampling. The evaluation results showed that 84.6% of the respondents chose Aesthetic 3D Geovisualization to produce the flood models which could be used to convey flood disaster information. The reliability statistics table from validation shows that Cronbach's Alpha value is 0.935, which is significant enough to validate that the usage of aesthetic parameters in disaster information media for flood modeling is able to make the visualization of flood modeling more realistic and preferable by respondents. Moreover, the information is more communicative in conveying visual cues and is also easily understood and accepted by the audience. Therefore, the Aesthetic 3D Geovisualization Model is highly recommended to be used to convey information about floods. The contribution of this study is the production of visualizations based on spatial and non-spatial data that have applied aesthetic values by an overlapping method of XYZ coordinates, thereby creating a new concept of multimedia design through storyboards, by adding some aesthetic value. The method of overlapping XYZ coordinates is new for geology, limnology, and for finding formulations for creating flood height animations based on data in the multimedia field.