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Title:	The risk factors and effectiveness of fish oil supplementation on cognitive function of elderly people with mild cognitive impairment
Authors:	Lee Lai Kuan. (P45575)
Supervisor:	Prof. Dr. Suzana Shahar
Keywords:	Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) Fish oil supplementation Elderly people Dissertations, Academic -- Malaysia
Issue Date:	23-Mar-2012
Description:	Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a transition phase between normal cognition aging and dementia. There is an urgent need to seek for tangible nutritional intervention strategies to delay the progress of cognitive decline among elderly people with MCI. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of fish oil supplementation on cognitive function and overall health of elderly with MCI. In addition, the prevalence of MCI and its associated risk factors were also determined. The study was conducted in two phases. Phase I was a cross-sectional study involving 399 (39.6% men; 60.4% women; mean age 66.6 � 6.0 years) elderly individuals aged 60 years and above from 15 public residential buildings around zone I Cheras area for determination of the prevalence of MCI using a comprehensive neuropsychological battery tests. Phase II involved 36 MCI subjects (18 subjects each group), who were randomised to receive either docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-concentrated fish oil (1290 mg DHA plus 450 mg eicosapentaenoic acid, EPA) (A) or placebo (B) capsules daily for 1 year. The prevalence of all-type MCI, amnestic-MCI (am-MCI) and nonamnestic MCI (nam-MCI) were 21.1%, 15.4% and 5.7%, respectively. Binary logistic regression indicated that hypercholesterolemia (adjusted OR=3.576; p<0.05) was the significant predictor for MCI in men. Whilst, in women, significant predictors for MCI were being married (adjusted OR=2.680; p<0.05), did not exercise (adjusted OR=3.506; p<0.05), overweight and obese (adjusted OR=4.635; p<0.01). There were significant intervention effects on digit span test (20.3% increment for A; 5.8% decrease for B; F=9.741; p<0.0001), visual reproduction I (46.5% increment for A; 9.4% increment for B; F=3.563; p<0.05), Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) delayed recall (19.4% increment for A; 19.4% decrease for B; F=3.719; p<0.05), appetite (7.8% increment for A; 0.7% decrease for B; F=3.760; p<0.05) and lipid peroxidation (10.0% decrease for A; 28.5% decrease for B; F=11.700; p<0.01). In conclusion, MCI affected one fifth of the subjects in this study. The role of gender disparity governing the occurrence of MCI needs in depth investigation. Supplementation of fish oil improved memory-specific cognitive function; especially short term memory, immediate non-verbal memory, and delayed recall capability and improved appetite in subjects with MCI. While, corn oil supplementation reduced lipid peroxidation. Hence, early identification of elderly individuals with MCI is essential for implementation of intervention strategies to further delay the undesirable cognitive decline.,Kecelaan kognitif ringan (MCI) merupakan satu fasa transisi antara penuaan kognitif yang normal dan demensia. Strategi intervensi pemakanan amat diperlukan untuk melambatkan progresi kesusutan kognitif bagi warga tua yang mengalami MCI. Oleh itu, kajian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan keberkesanan suplimentasi minyak ikan terhadap fungsi kognitif dan kesihatan keseluruhan bagi warga tua yang mengalami MCI. Tambahan pula, prevalen dan faktor-faktor risiko MCI juga dikaji. Kajian ini dijalankan dalam dua fasa. Fasa pertama adalah kajian hirisan lintang yang melibatkan 399 warga tua (39.6% lelaki; 60.4% perempuan; min (SP) umur 66.6 � 6.0 tahun) berumur 60 tahun dan ke atas yang berasal daripada 14 kawasan perumahan awam sekitar zon I Cheras untuk menentukan prevalen MCI dengan menggunakan ujian bateri neuropsikologikal yang komprehensif. Fasa kedua melibatkan 36 subjek MCI (18 subjek setiap kumpulan) yang menerima samada kapsul minyak ikan yang berkepekatan tinggi asid dokosaheksanoik (1290 mg DHA dan 450 mg asid eikosapentanoik, EPA) (A) atau plasebo (B) setiap hari secara rawak selama satu tahun. Prevalen MCI keseluruhan, MCI amnestik (am-MCI) dan MCI bukan amnestik (nam-MCI) adalah 21.1%, 15.4% dan 5.7% masing-masing. Regresi logistik binari menunjukkan bahawa hiperkolesterolemia (adjusted OR=3.576; p<0.05) adalah penyebab signifikan MCI di kalangan lelaki. Manakala, bagi perempuan, prediktor MCI yang signifikan adalah mereka yang status berkahwin (adjusted OR=2.680; p<0.05), tidak bersenam (adjusted OR=3.506; p<0.05), lebih berat badan dan obes (adjusted OR=4.635; p<0.01). Terdapat kesan intervensi yang signifikan bagi ujian span digit (20.3% peningkatan untuk A; 5.8% penurunan untuk B; F=9.741; p<0.0001), reproduksi penglihatan I (VR I) (46.5% peningkatan untuk A; 9.4% peningkatan untuk B; F=3.563; p<0.05), ingatan semula bagi Ujian Pembelajaran Verbal Auditori Rey (RAVLT) (19.4% peningkatan untuk A; 19.4% penurunan untuk B; F=3.719; p<0.05), selera makan (7.8% peningkatan untuk A; 0.7% penurunan untuk B; F=3.760; p<0.05) dan peroksidasi lipid (10.0% penurunan untuk A; 28.5% penurunan untuk B; F=11.700; p<0.01). Kesimpulannya, MCI mempengaruhi satu per lima subjek dalam kajian ini. Peranan jantina dalam menentukan kejadian MCI memerlukan kajian lebih terperinci. Suplimentasi minyak ikan meningkatkan fungsi kognitif yang spesifik kepada ingatan, terutamanya ingatan jangka singkat, ingatan bukan lisan segera dan kebolehan ingatan semula, dan meningkatkan selera makan. Suplimentasi minyak jagung menurunkan peroksidasi lipid. Oleh itu, pengesanan awal individu yang mengalami MCI adalah penting bagi implementasi program intervensi ke arah mengurangkan penyusutan fungsi kognitif yang tidak diingini.,Ph.D
Pages:	336
Call Number:	QU165 .L477r 2012 9
Publisher:	UKM, Kuala Lumpur
Appears in Collections:	Faculty of Health Sciences / Fakulti Sains Kesihatan

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