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Title:	Quantitative investigation of groundwater resource at Sg. Udang area in Malacca using modeling approach and geophysical techniques
Authors:	Zeinab Asry (P54885)
Supervisor:	Abdul Rahim Samsudin, Prof. Dr.
Keywords:	Sg. Udang area Geophysical Modeling Groundwater
Issue Date:	Apr-2015
Description:	Groundwater investigation was conducted at Sg. Udang area in north Malacca. The main objectives of the study were to develop a conceptual model of groundwater flow. Electrical resistivity imaging (ERI) and seismic refraction surveys were used to site characterize the geologic setting at the area. The resistivity and the seismic refraction results have produced the thickness of residual soil layer and depth of bedrock in the study area. The results of that show the area could be divided into two main subsurface layers of the following hydrogeological characteristics: Clayey and sandy SILT, usually with minor amount of gravel, represents the residual soil and highly to completely weathered schist, the layer is generally low in plasticity and water bearing capacity, it extent to most of the area with the thickness of more than 25 meters; and bedrock of very low permeable or nearly impermeable of slightly weathered to fresh schist. Hydrological and geophysical surveys were conducted in the study area. Results of the geophysical study shown the aquifer is a hetrogene unconfined with variable water table. The simulation of groundwater flow was accomplished by using GMS software which involved an area of about 103 km square. The construction of the conceptual model was based on the one-layer aquifer model. 2-Dimentional groundwater flow model was developed and calibrated to simulate and predict hydraulic heads under steady-state and transient conditions; to optimize hydrogeological coefficients values of the aquifer. All the necessary data relevant to the modeling, e.g., topographic map, digital elevation model (DEM), borehole data, geology information, groundwater table, estimated groundwater recharge, were obtained prior to the modeling. The analysis consisted of three primary steps: (1) characterization of hydrogeology of the area and construction of a conceptual model (2) development and calibration of a regional flow model for the site, (3) evaluation of the model's ability to simulate field data. The results show that total recharge into the system is 2.87 mm3, that the total amount of recharge components is more than the amount of discharge components and it is expected that the average groundwater levels would rise due to an increase of storage.The results show that the horizontal hydraulic conductivity values in the study area change from ranges 0.5 to 50 m/day; also, the specific yield of the aquifer change from ranges 0.02 and 0.4. Model calibration was highly constrained by observing the measured and calculated aquifer. The final calibrated model, implements the application of parameter estimation tools, PEST. The model matches the observed with R²= 0.89, steady state and R²= 0.99, transient state. After model verification and assurance the reliability of the model results, the model prediction has been done for the period from July 2012 to 2013 and it has been predicted that according to present recharge and discharge conditions. The predictive simulation shows that groundwater heads in study area will continue to increase corresponding to recharge and discharge rates. The groundwater flow modeling using Groundwater Modeling System (GMS) for the groundwater condition of the Sg. Udang catchment area shows that the groundwater flows toward the Malacca Straits in south and southwest of the area. Groundwater models play an important role in the development and management of groundwater resources, so the constructed model can be used as a tool for water resource management, policy, decision-making, short and long-term plans, programs and projects in the context of industrial-agricultural development.,Certification of Master's/Doctoral Thesis" is not available
Pages:	217
Call Number:	TD403.A837 2016 tesis
Publisher:	UKM, Bangi
Appears in Collections:	Faculty of Science and Technology / Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi

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