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https://ptsldigital.ukm.my/jspui/handle/123456789/499665Full metadata record
| DC Field | Value | Language |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | Norhayati Ahmad, Prof. Dr. | |
| dc.contributor.author | Elham Bagherirad (P49281) | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2023-10-13T09:33:36Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2023-10-13T09:33:36Z | - |
| dc.date.issued | 2014 | |
| dc.identifier.other | ukmvital:80698 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://ptsldigital.ukm.my/jspui/handle/123456789/499665 | - |
| dc.description | The Golestan National Park (GNP) is unique in that it has a well-defined natural boundary and high diversity of native flora and fauna. The Persian gazelle (Gazella subgutturosa subgutturosa) is among the most important species here due to its status in the IUCN Red List of threatened animals. Domestic grazing animals could be competing with native herbivores by negatively impacting on vegetation composition, forage production and diversity of natural habitats. Thus, knowledge of distribution of endangered animal species and their habitat requirements is important in conservation biology. In this study, vegetation composition, species richness and forage production at GNP and Ghorkhod Preserved Area (GPA) were compared to evaluate the impact of grazing by native and domestic herbivores on rangeland areas using the ecological modeling techniques in Geographical Information Systems (GIS). Ecological-niche factor analysis (ENFA) indicated marginal (1.40) and low tolerance (0.46) scores, suggesting a strong tendency for the Persian gazelles to live in a particular habitat throughout the study area. Based on ENFA, human-related factors, such as highways, human settlements and livestock holders were identified as major limiting factors for the distribution pattern of the study species. Additionally, two topographical variables; altitude and slope showed negative relationships with the occurrence of G. s. subgutturosa. The clearance-transect pellet group counts during different seasons, showed that human activities, such as habitat lost or fragmentation and irregular hunting were the major factors influencing distribution patterns of gazelles, besides habitat structure and distribution of food resources. Habitat types, which featured diversified plant species, quality forage food, and adjacent to agricultural fields were used by these gazelles in most seasons, especially in fall and winter. Habitats with higher forage production, canopy cover, and vegetation density showed the lowest rate of use among all seasons, maybe because of the high protein content forage favoured by gazelles. The minimal model using multiple regression analysis showed a number of plant species, which could be indicator species in gazelle habitats during each season. A positive relationship was detected between pellet group density and canopy cover of annual forbs and grasses in spring, Aellenia sp. in summer, and Salsola rigida in fall and winter. The pellet group density of gazelles was negatively correlated with canopy cover of Stipa barbata and Poa bulbosa in all seasons, which indicated lower use of upland areas, compared to low and medium elevations throughout the year.,Taman Negara Golestan (Golestan National Park) adalah unik kerana ia mempunyai sempadan semulajadi yang jelas dan kekayaan flora dan fauna yang tinggi. Gazelle Parsi (Gazella subgutturosa subgutturosa) ialah salah satu spesies penting di sini disebabkan oleh status hampir terancam dalam senarai merah IUCN. Ternakan yang meragut di padang rumput di GNP meninggalkan kesan negatif terhadap komposisi tumbuh-tumbuhan, pengeluaran makanan ragut dan kepelbagaian habitat asal, serta mungkin bersaing dengan hidupan liar herbivor. Pengetahuan tentang taburan spesies terancam dan keperluan habitatnya adalah penting dalam pemuliharaan biologi. Oleh itu, komposisi tumbuh-tumbuhan, kekayaan spesies, dan pengeluaran makanan ternak di GNP dan Kawasan Perlindungan Ghorkhod (GPA) dibandingkan untuk menilai impak meragut oleh hidupan liar herbivor dan haiwan ternakan domestik di kawasan padang ragut dengan menggunakan teknik permodelan ekologi dalam Sistem Maklumat Geografi (GIS). Analisis Faktor Nic Ekologi (ENFA) menunjukkan ralat yang tidak ketara (1.40) dan nilai had kemampuan yang rendah (0.46), yang mencadangkan kecenderongan gazel Parsi untuk hidup di sesuatu habitat yang khusus di dalam kawasan kajian. Melalui ENFA, faktor hubung-kait manusia, seperti lebuh raya, penempatan manusia dan kawasan ragut persendirian dikenal pasti sebagai faktor yang menghadkan corak taburan spesies yang dikaji ini. Tambahan pula, dua variabel topografi iaitu altitud dan cerun menunjukkan perhubungan negatif dengan kehadiran gazel Parsi. Kepadatan kelompok tahi pada transek-pemugaran semasa musim yang berbeza menunjukkan bahawa aktiviti manusia, seperti kehilangan habitat/persisihan habitat dan pemburuan yang tidak terkawal adalah faktor utama dalam taburan gazel, di samping struktur habitat dan taburan sumber makanan. Jenis habitat, yang mempunyai kepelbagaian flora yang tinggi, makanan ragut berkualiti, dan terletak berhampiran kawasan pertanian digunakan oleh gazel pada hampir setiap musim, terutamanya musim luruh dan sejuk. Habitat yang mempunyai pengeluaran makanan ragut tinggi, litupan kanopi dan tumbuhan padat yang lebih tinggi menunjukkan kepenggunaan yang lebih rendah oleh gazel pada setiap musim kerana mungkin haiwan ini lebih memilih kepada makanan ragut berprotein tinggi. Permodelan minimal menggunakan analisis regresi berbilang menunjukkan bahawa sebilangan spesies tumbuhan merupakan variabel penunjuk dalam habitat gazel pada setiap musim. Perhubungan positif ditunjukkan antara kepadatan kumpulan tahi dengan litupan kanopi tumbuhan rumput semusim pada musim bunga, Aellenia sp. pada musim panas, dan Salsola rigida pada musim luruh dan musim sejuk. Kepadatan kumpulan tahi gazel berkait secara negatif dengan litupan kanopi Stipa barbata dan Poa bulbosa pada setiap musim yang menunjukkan bahawa kawasan tanah tinggi kurang digunakan berbanding di altitud rendah dan pertengahan pada sepanjang tahun.,Ph.D. | |
| dc.language.iso | eng | |
| dc.publisher | UKM, Bangi | |
| dc.relation | Faculty of Science and Technology / Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi | |
| dc.rights | UKM | |
| dc.subject | Gazella | |
| dc.subject | Golestan National Park | |
| dc.subject | Habitat (Ecology) | |
| dc.subject | Dissertations, Academic -- Malaysia | |
| dc.subject | Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia -- Dissertations | |
| dc.title | Habitat evaluation of Goitered gazelle (Gazella subgutturosa subgutturosa) in the Golestan National Park, Iran | |
| dc.type | Theses | |
| dc.format.pages | 268 | |
| dc.identifier.callno | QL737.U53B337 2014 tesis | |
| dc.identifier.barcode | 001340 | |
| Appears in Collections: | Faculty of Science and Technology / Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi | |
Files in This Item:
| File | Description | Size | Format | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ukmvital_80698+SOURCE1+SOURCE1.0.PDF Restricted Access | 5.72 MB | Adobe PDF |  View/Open |
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