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Title:	Effects of selected piperaceae species, eugenia caryphyllata l. and cinnamomum zeylanicum blume on periodontal pathogens, fibroblasts and neutrophils
Authors:	Shahida binti Mohd Said (P47805)
Supervisor:	Ibrahim Jantan, Professor Dr
Keywords:	Piperaceae species Eugenia caryphyllata l. Cinnamomum zeylanicum blume Herbs Medicinal -- Malaysia
Issue Date:	17-Oct-2013
Description:	In spite of the advances in drug discovery research on medicinal plants, the effects of edible plants on periodontal bacteria and cells are still indefinite. This study aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of the essential oils, methanol and aqueous extracts of Piper betle L. and P. sarmentosum Roxb. leaves, P. nigrum L. seeds, Eugenia caryophyllata L. flower buds and Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume bark against cultured major periodontopathic bacteria (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Enterococcus faecalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans) and their anti-inflammatory effects on cultured human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) and polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs). The samples were evaluated for their antibacterial activity using the microdilution broth assay. The inhibitory effects of the samples on cytokines released by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced HGFs was determined by using the Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) while inhibition of reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by PMNs was analysed by luminol-based chemiluminescence assay. The oils of C. zeylanicum and E. caryphyllata showed strong antibacterial activity against periodontal pathogens with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of < 3 mg/ml, inhibited the adhesion of P. gingivalis-F. nucleatum biofilm and disrupted the pre-formed biofilm through anti-biofilm assays comparable to ampicillin. The major components of the oils, cinnamaldehyde and eugenol, also showed effective antibacterial activity at MIC value of < 0.8 mg/ml. Additionally, the acid production ability of E. faecalis was suppressed by C. zeylanicum oil effectively at 2h post-exposure and changes to the bacterial cell integrity were observed through scanning electron-microscopy (SEM). All the essential oils showed dose-dependent inhibition of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and Tumour Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) released by HGFs. The oils of E. caryphyllata and C. zeylanicum were found to be most effective in inhibiting the cytokines with IC50 value of 0.26 - 1.38 mg/ml and inhibitory effect on ROS at 0.51 - 1.56 mg/ml compared to aspirin (0.54 - 10.54 mg/ml and 5.00 mg/ml respectively). In conclusion, the essential oils especially E. caryphyllata and C. zeylanicum oils have potential to be developed as antibacterial and anti-inflammatory agents for prevention of periodontal infection.,Ph.D
Pages:	244
Call Number:	QV767.S526e 2013 9
Publisher:	UKM, Kuala Lumpur
Appears in Collections:	Faculty of Pharmacy / Fakulti Farmasi

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