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Title:	Study on esterase isozymes of bactrocera papayae and bactrocera carambolae (diptera: tephritidae) by using polyacrylamide gel
Authors:	Md. Hasanuzzaman (P54562)
Supervisor:	Sahibin Abd. Rahim, Prof. Dr.
Keywords:	Isoenzymes
Issue Date:	11-Mar-2013
Description:	Asian papaya fruit fly, Bactrocera papayae Drew & Hancock and Carambola fruit fly, Bactrocera carambolae Drew & Hancock (Diptera: Tephritidae) are the major horticultural pests, especially fruits and vegetables, in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world like Malaysia. Its presence can cause severe damage to the agricultural produce as well as hindered the export of these products. A vertical polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic technique was used for the first time to study the non-specific esterase isozyme patterns during the development of these two species and also to compare the esterase isozyme patterns between them. Moreover, the electrophoresis was used to observe the esterase isozyme patterns in the progeny (F1 generation) of B. papayae and B. carambolae. In B. papayae, three esterase isozymes, EST-1, EST-2 and EST-3 were detected and their relative mobility values were 0.61, 0.46, and 0.15, respectively. These esterase isozymes were designated and numbered from the anodal end of the gel, i.e., the highest to lowest relative mobility. There was EST-10.61 band, close to the anode and EST-30.15 band, close to the cathode. EST-10.61 and EST-20.46 bands were only present in larval stage. EST-30.15 band was observed in pupae and adult stages. There was no activity in eggs. The thickness and the staining degree of bands varied in different developmental stages. EST-10.61 band was thick and highly stained than EST-20.46 band in larvae. The band of EST-30.15 was thick in pupae, and comparatively very thick and highly stained in adults of both males and females. In the progeny (F1 generation) of B. papayae, larvae and adults showed the similar esterase isozyme band patterns, comparing with their parents. Three esterase isozymes, EST-1, EST-2 and EST-3 were also observed and their relative mobility values were measured in B. carambolae. EST-10.61 was highest mobility and close to the anode. EST-30.15 was lowest mobility and close to the cathode. EST-10.61 and EST-20.46 were present in larvae and EST-20.46 and EST-30.15 were observed in adults whereas EST-30.15 was found in pupae. The EST-30.15 band activity was highest in case of adult flies compare to pupae and EST-20.46 showed highest activity in adults than larvae and no esterase activity was observed in eggs. In the progeny (F1 generation) of B. carambolae, larvae showed almost the similar esterase isozyme patterns, comparing with their parents. So, it was found that EST-10.61 and EST-20.46 bands present in larvae, EST-30.15 band present in pupae and adult flies (male and female) in both species. But in case of B. carambolae, EST-20.46 band was also present in the male and female adult flies and the band of EST-30.15 was thick and highly stained than the EST-20.46 band. Finally, the results prove that the adult flies of the two Bactrocera species have different esterase bands, but the esterase isozyme patterns were similar in the larvae and pupae of both species. The results also indicate that the esterase isozymes had stage-specific band patterns in these two Bactrocera species. The research findings can be useful to develop control method for these pests. In addition, the toxicity of cypermethrin and chlorantraniliprole insecticides to the adult fly of these two Bactrocera species was also studied and the LC50 values were measured. In both species, cypermethrin was the more toxic than chlorantraniliprole. It was also observed that the adult males were more susceptible to the tested insecticides than the adult females in these two Bactrocera species. So, these insecticides can be useful for the chemical control of these important agricultural pests.,Ph.D
Pages:	100
Call Number:	QP601.2.M834 2013
Publisher:	UKM, Bangi
Appears in Collections:	Faculty of Science and Technology / Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi

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