1. UKM Learning and Research Repository
2. Master Thesis / Tesis Master
3. Faculty of Science and Technology / Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi

Title:	Assessment of indoor particulate matter (PM2.5) and volatile organic compound and its impact on human health
Authors:	Siti Amira 'Ainaa' Idris (P94742)
Supervisor:	Marlia Mohd Hanafiah, Assoc Prof. Dr.
Keywords:	Air quality Indoor air pollution Air -- Pollution Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia -- Dissertations Dissertations, Academic -- Malaysia
Issue Date:	23-Aug-2020
Description:	The air quality of the indoor environment can profoundly affect the comfort, health and productivity of building occupants because people spend approximately 90 percent of their time indoors. In particular, children are at a higher risk and more vulnerable for developing the negative health effects of indoor air pollution due to the amount of time they spend in school buildings. Indoor air pollution sources originated from the outdoor pollutants that enter buildings will release particles and gases that might be harmful to human. The objectives of this study were to measure the concentration levels of particulate matter (PM2.5) and volatile organic compounds (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and isomeric xylenes (BTEX)) in mechanically ventilated school building. The potential human health carcinogenic risk was investigated for BTEX. The concentrations of PM2.5 were measured in a two-storey preschool building using MiniVol Portable Air Sampler, whereas the concentrations of BTEX were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS). It was found that the PM2.5 concentrations in the lower floor of the building is 96.4 � 2.70 ?g/m3, a slightly higher than the measurement of the upper floor (80.2 � 3.11 ?g/m3). The compositions of heavy metals in PM2.5 were also measured and predominated by iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and aluminum (Al) with concentrations of 500 � 50.07 ng/m3, 466 � 77.38 ng/m3, and 422 � 147.38 ng/m3, respectively. A principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the main sources of BTEX were originated from vehicle emissions. In this study, hazard quotient (HQ) and lifetime cancer risk (LTCR) of BTEX were evaluated. Hazard quotient results for BTEX showed that the compounds were below acceptable limits and thus did not possess potential carcinogenic risks. However, a measured output of LTCR probability revealed that benzene and ethylbenzene posed definite carcinogenic risks. The corresponding mean cancer risk for benzene and ethylbenzene were estimated to be 5.19x10-4, 4.43x10-4 for upper level and 3.28x10-4, 4.27x10-4 for lower level. The findings showed that pollutants originated from heavy traffic next to the sampling site contributed to the indoor pollution. Source control is a cost-effective solution to protecting indoor air quality by removing or reducing individual sources of emissions.,Sarjana Sains
Pages:	97
Publisher:	UKM, Bangi
Appears in Collections:	Faculty of Science and Technology / Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi

Items in DSpace are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.