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Title:	Predictors of sleep quality among early adolescents in Peninsular Malaysia
Authors:	Teh Shu Chin (P99919)
Supervisor:	Caryn Chan Mei Hsien, Dr.
Keywords:	Sleep Quality Depression Sleep Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia -- Dissertations Dissertations, Academic -- Malaysia
Issue Date:	3-Oct-2022
Description:	Among early adolescents, poor sleep quality and shortened sleep duration is worth further examination given its potential for impact on growth and development. The primary aim of this study was to determine predictors of sleep quality among early adolescents in Peninsular Malaysia, and secondly to compare objective (GENEActiv accelerometer) and subjective (self-reported questionnaire) measures of sleep. This cross-sectional study was part of the South East Asian Nutrition Surveys II (SEANUTS II). A total of 785 early adolescents (Primary 4 to 6) with mean age of 11.0 ± 0.9 years were randomly selected from the primary schools in rural (33.8%) and urban (66.2%) areas. Parent-reported questionnaires were used to assess socio-demographic characteristics, while self-reported questionnaires were used to measure sleep pattern (SAQ), milk and dairy consumption, body image, anxiety and depression of the subjects. Body weight and standing height was measured, and BMI-for-age (BAZ) was calculated. For objective sleep measure, 206 subjects were given GENEActiv accelerometers to wear on their non-dominant wrist for a 7-day period and were required to fill up a sleep log. The raw data from the accelerometers were analysed using GGIR R-package with (GA_SL) and without (GA_NSL) sleep logs. The prevalence of poor sleep quality among early adolescents was 18.0%. Most of the subjects had less than recommended sleep duration of 9 to 12 hours, measured by using SAQ (77.3%), GA_NSL (92.3%) and GA_SL (93.2%), respectively. Significant difference (p<0.01) was found in wake-up time between GA_SL and GA_NSL. Kappa test showed a significant fair level of agreement (p<0.001) in sleep duration between GA_NSL and GA_SL. There was a significant difference (p<0.001) between SAQ and GA_SL in terms of wake-up time, bedtime and sleep duration. A total of 8.5% of early adolescents was thinness, and another 34.1% was obese or overweight. The median serving of milk and dairy consumption was 4.7 servings per week. Most of the early adolescents (65.6%) consumed milk and dairy products at least 7 times per week, while 5.0% were not dairy users. For body image satisfaction, majority (60.1%) was desired to be thinner and 21.4% desired to be bigger. A total of 14.0% and 16.4% of the subjects were having symptoms of depression and anxiety, respectively. Sleep quality was significantly associated with area of residence (p<0.05), education level of mother (p<0.01), depression (p<0.01) and anxiety (p<0.001) symptoms. Significant predictors (p<0.05) of sleep quality were area of residence, education level of mother, frequency of milk and dairy consumption per week, depression and anxiety symptoms. In conclusion, one-fifth of the early adolescents in Peninsular Malaysia had poor sleep quality. Behavioural intervention plans should be targeted to improve sleep habits, dietary consumption patterns and mental health among early adolescents in order to promote good sleep quality. Subjective sleep measures are able to give a comprehensive view of sleep quality but prone to response bias. Therefore, both subjective and objective methods are suggested to implement concurrently to enhance the accuracy of the findings,Ijazah Sarjana Sains Kesihatan (Sains Pemakanan)
Pages:	137
Publisher:	UKM, Kuala Lumpur
Appears in Collections:	Faculty of Health Sciences / Fakulti Sains Kesihatan

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