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Title:	Respiratory symptoms and diseases from particulate air pollution related to vehicle traffic in Amman, Jordan
Authors:	Alnawaiseh Nedal Awad Abed (P47801)
Supervisor:	Jamal Hisham Hashim, Professor Dr.
Keywords:	Public health
Issue Date:	2012
Description:	Amman city is considered one of the most air-polluted areas in Jordan. Particulate air pollutants in the form of total suspended particulate (TSP) and particulate matter 10μm (PM10) in the city mainly originate from motor vehicle sources. Given high prevalence of air pollutants and the increasing incidence of respiratory symptoms and diseases in highly populated residential areas, the main objective of this crosssectional comparative study is to study the prevalence of respiratory symptoms and diseases among residents exposed to air pollutants, particularly particulate matter from vehicle traffic in Amman city. The study respondents were 598 residents, aged 13 to 83 years old (49.7 % were males); who have lived in the current residential locations for at least 5 years. They were selected using a two-stage simple random sampling technique from four districts. In order to avoid homogeneity, no more than two members from the same household were interviewed as a part of this study. Data on respiratory symptoms and diseases were collected through standardized intervieweradministered questionnaires (ATS-DLD-78-A).The findings indicated that TSP and PM10 were still significantly associated with traffic count even after controlling for confounding factors (temperature, relative humidity and wind speed) (TSP: r = 0.726, p < 0.001; PM10: r = 0.719, p <0.001). The most prevalent respiratory symptoms were cough (26.9%), followed by phlegm and shortness of breath (SOB) (23.7%) and wheezing (19.2%). With respect to history of past respiratory diseases, the prevalence of medically confirmed cases of bronchitis, pneumonia, hay fever, chronic bronchitis and bronchial asthma were 13.7%, 16.7%, 14.4%, 11.9% and 14.4%, respectively. The adjusted odds ratios (AOR) for frequent cough, frequent sputum, wheezing, SOB, bronchitis, pneumonia, chronic bronchitis, and bronchial asthma of residents in highly polluted areas (HPA) were (2.63, CI:1.79-3.84); (1.57, CI:1.07-2.29); (1.47, CI:1.03- 2.08); (2.31, CI:1.56-3.43); (2.07, CI:1.26-3.37); (1.83, CI:1.17-2.85); (1.69, CI:1.01- 2.80); (2.00, CI:1.24-3.22), respectively, compared to the residents of the low-polluted area (LPA). The AOR for chronic bronchitis and bronchial asthma of residents living less than 25 m from the main road were (4.7, p < 0.001) and (2.46, p = 0.013), respectively, compared to residents living more than 100 m from the main road. The AOR for chronic bronchitis of elder residents was (7.6, p < 0.001), compared to younger residents. Medical visits due to the respiratory disorders (MVDRD) was significantly associated with living in HPA, as Downtown and Marka residents were respectively 1.94 and 1.63 times more likely to report MVDRD than respondents of AbuNsair were. Hospital admissions due to respiratory disorders (HADRD) were significantly associated with residing in HPA, with reported prevalence of 24.1%, compared to 14.9% for LPA (x2 = 7.999, p = 0.005). In conclusion, TSP and PM10 were significantly associated with vehicle traffic count. Respiratory symptoms and diseases were more prevalent among residents of highly polluted areas and those residing close to the main roads, in addition to old age, smoking habit, poor indoor air quality and low socioeconomic class.,Ph.D
Pages:	224
Call Number:	tesis WA20.5.A316r 2012 9HUKM
Publisher:	UKM, Bangi
Appears in Collections:	Faculty of Medicine / Fakulti Perubatan

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