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Title:	The effects of virgin coconut oil on oxidative status,bone microarchitecture and lipid profile in ovariectomised rats
Authors:	Mouna Abdelrahman –M- Abujazia (P57004)
Supervisor:	Norliza Mohamed, Dr.
Keywords:	Virgin coconut oil Bone microarchitecture Dissertations, Academic -- Malaysia
Issue Date:	27-Feb-2014
Description:	Osteoporosis is associated with oxidative stress and increased free radical activities. Rich in antioxidant compounds, virgin coconut oil (VCO) has been shown to prevent cancellous bone loss from distal femurs of ovariectomized rats, an animal model of postmenopausal osteoporosis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of the VCO on bone microstructure and oxidative status as well as lipid profile in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Three-month-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were sorted into 5 groups, with 8 rats in each group: baseline, sham, OVX control, OVX + calcium, and OVX+VCO. The OVX+VCO rats were fed with normal rat chow mixed with 8% VCO for six weeks. The bone oxidative status was determined by measuring the index of lipid peroxidation, which is malondialdehyde (MDA), as well as the endogenous antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the tibia. Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) was used for the assessment of bone microstructure in proximal tibia. In addition, total serum cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) were analyzed. The results showed that there was a significant decrease in MDA levels in the OVX+VCO group compared to OVX control rats. OVX+VCO also had significantly higher GPX concentration. Although not statistically significant, the SOD level seemed to be increased in the OVX+VCO group compared to OVX control rats. Micro-CT analysis did not show any significant changes in the trabecular number, bone volume, trabecular thickness, trabecular separation and connectivity density in all groups of rats. OVX rats supplemented with VCO had significantly higher serum cholesterol, HDL and LDL than the OVX control group. There was no significant change in the triglyceride level among all groups of rats. In conclusion, VCO prevented lipid peroxidation and increased the antioxidant enzymes in the bones of ovariectomized rats. However, VCO did not improve the proximal tibia microarchitecture based on microCT findings. VCO increased the serum cholesterol by increasing both the high and low density lipoproteins.,Osteoporosis dikaitkan dengan tekanan oksidatif dan peningkatan aktiviti radikal bebas. Kaya dengan sebatian antioksidan, minyak kelapa dara ('virgin coconut oil' , VCO) didapati mampu mencegah kehilangan tulang kanselus yang terdapat pada distal tulang femur tikus terovariektomi, iaitu model haiwan osteoporosis pascamenopaus. Tujuan kajian ini dibuat adalah untuk menilai kesan VCO pada status tekanan oksidatif tulang, mikrostruktur tulang, serta profil lipid pada tikus terovariektomi (OVX). Tikus 'Sprague-Dawley' betina berumur tiga bulan telah dibahagikan kepada 5 kumpulan, dengan 8 tikus dalam setiap kumpulan: asas, sham, OVX kawalan, OVX + kalsium dan OVX+VCO. Tikus-tikus OVX+VCO diberi makan diet yang bercampur dengan 8%VCO selama enam minggu. Status tekanan oksidatif tulang telah ditentukan dengan mengukur indeks peroksidaan lipid iaitu malondialdehyde (MDA), serta enzim-enzim antioksidan endogenous iaitu glutation peroksidase (GPX) dan superoksid dismutase (SOD) yang terdapat dalam tulang tibia. Tomografi berkomputer-mikro (Mikro-CT) telah digunakan bagi penilaian mikrostruktur hujung proksimal tulang tibia. Di samping itu, kolesterol serum, trigliserida, lipoprotein berketumpatan tinggi (HDL), dan lipoprotein berketumpatan rendah (LDL) telah dianalisa. Hasil kajian menunjukkan terdapat penurunan ketara secara statistik pada MDA bagi tikus kumpulan OVX + VCO berbanding tikus OVX kawalan. OVX+VCO juga mempunyai kepekatan GPX yang jauh lebih tinggi. Walaupun tidak secara signifikan, tahap SOD didapati meningkat pada tikus OVX+VCO berbanding tikus kawalan OVX. Analisis Mikro-CT tidak menunjukkan perubahan signifikan dalam bilangan trabekular, isipadu tulang, ketebalan trabekular, jarak pemisahan trabekular dan kepadatan sambungan di antara kesemua kumpulan tikus. Tikus OVX yang diberi VCO mempunyai serum kolesterol, HDL dan LDL yang ketara lebih tinggi berbanding kumpulan kawalan OVX. Tiada perubahan ketara dalam tahap trigliserida di kalangan semua kumpulan tikus. Kesimpulannya, VCO menghalang peroksidaan lipid dan meningkatkan enzim antioksidan dalam tulang tikus terovariektomi. Walau bagaimanapun, VCO tidak menambah-baikkan mikrostruktur hujung tibia berdasarkan keputusan mikro-CT. VCO meningkatkan kolesterol serum dengan meningkatkan lipoprotein berketumpatan tinggi dan rendah.,Master
Pages:	186
Publisher:	UKM, Kuala Lumpur
Appears in Collections:	Faculty of Medicine / Fakulti Perubatan

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