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Title:	Pre-treatment, fouling behavior and cleaning property of different membranes applied for tertiary palm oil effluent treatment
Authors:	Mohd Syahmi Hafizi Ghani (P85893)
Supervisor:	Teow Yiet Haan, Dr.
Keywords:	Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia -- Dissertations Dissertations, Academic -- Malaysia Membranes Palm oil industry Effluent treatment
Issue Date:	12-Dec-2019
Description:	The major problem in palm oil mill is the management of wastes generated from the processes. It is estimated that to produce 1 tonne of crude palm oil, 5-7.5 tonnes of water is required and more than 50% of this water will be disposed as palm oil mill effluent (POME). Discharging of POME into the river will contaminate the waterway, destroy the river ecosystem and impair the community that relies on the river water. Thus, the intend of this study is to test the feasibility of the pilot scale integrated system combining the sand filter and activated carbon filter (SF+AC) pretreatment coupled with nanofiltration(NF)/reverse osmosis (RO) membranes for reclaiming water from POME, where the membrane-treated water with good quality has the potential to be recycled and reused as the boiler feed water in palm oil mill. Three types of commercial membranes – NF membrane (NF270), RO membrane (BW30), and low pressure RO membrane (XLE) were used in this study. Integrated SF+AC pre-treatment showed higher percentage of removal for each parameter as compared to integrated SF+UF pre-treatment. The excellent performance of integrated SF+AC pre-treatment was possibly due to high surface area to volume ratio and high porosity of activated carbon which was particularly a good adsorbent medium for wastewater treatment. Among all commercial membrane module used in the membrane filtration system, BW30 membrane presenting the best performance in rejecting all parameter as compared to NF270 membrane and XLE membrane, where where 97% COD, 99% TSS, 94% TDS, 99% colour, 83% phosphorus, 98% turbidity, and 94% conductivity have been successfully removed from the feed solution by BW30 membrane. After 6 hours of membrane filtration period, NF270, XLE, and BW30 membranes were presented with relative flux reduction value of 16%, 14%, and 8%, respectively. Following, the membranes were cleaned by using a hydraulic and chemical (HCl and NaOH) cleaning method. Chemical cleaning with NaOH is better than HCl cleaning due to greatest flux recovery with FRR value more than 99% after 1st and 2nd cleaning for BW30 and XLE membrane. NaOH solution which is alkaline detergent is excellent in removing organic foulants of POME, while HClare suitable to remove inorganic fouling. Hence, BW30 membrane was deemed as the best candidate for water reclamation from POME due to its low fouling propensity, higher flux recovery, and the production of permeate that complied with boiler feed water standard.,Master of Science
Pages:	103
Publisher:	UKM, Bangi
Appears in Collections:	Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment / Fakulti Kejuruteraan dan Alam Bina

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