https://ptsldigital.ukm.my/jspui/handle/123456789/388911 Thu, 23 Apr 2026 04:23:27 GMT 2026-04-23T04:23:27Z https://ptsldigital.ukm.my/jspui/handle/123456789/781114 Title: Reconfiguration, resilience, flexibility, and capability of SMES' supply chain : the case of manufacturing in China Authors: Liao Zhenwei (P112937) Abstract: Supply Chain Reconfiguration (SCRec) and Supply Chain Resilience (SCRes) have become strategic responses for many companies confronted with disruptions in the Supply Chain (SC). Although existing literature demonstrates that SCRes significantly stimulates SCRec efforts, several notable gaps remain, including: 1) identifying a consistent and predictable precursor that integrally unifies diverse SC capabilities ; 2) understanding these dynamics, particularly in the context of manufacturing sectors in developing countries; 3) articulating the role of Supply Chain Flexibility (SCF) as a mediating variable between SC capabilities and both SCRes and SCRec, thus highlighting a critical gap. Responding to the call from previous scholarly works, this study explores the intricate relationships between various SC capabilities—including Acquire, Exploit, Assimilate, Alliance, and Transform Capabilities —and SCRes as well as SCRec in China manufacturing SMEs. SCF is investigated as a mediating variable that influences the effectiveness of these capabilities on SCRes and SCRec. Data from 284 mid and high-level management of China manufacturing SME firms were gathered through a cross-sectional survey. Employing PLS-SEM as the methodological tool, this study analyzes and interprets the collected data, finding that Acquire, Exploit, Alliance, and Transform Capabilities exert a direct and significant influence on SCRes and SCRec, with SCF demonstrating a mediating effect in these relationships. Moreover, the study quantifies the significant influence of SCRes on SCRec. This study enriches the literature on SCRes and SCRec by underscoring the importance of specific critical capabilities in advancing overall SC performance for manufacturing firms, thereby enabling them to better navigate the competitive conditions imposed by fluctuating business environments. This study represents a pioneering effort to unify these diverse elements within a comprehensive analytical framework, showcasing collectively impact SC dynamics and suggesting directions for future research. Wed, 05 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://ptsldigital.ukm.my/jspui/handle/123456789/781114 2025-02-05T00:00:00Z https://ptsldigital.ukm.my/jspui/handle/123456789/781113 Title: Examining the effects of institutional pressures, social capabilities and slack resources on company performance : the mediating role of corporate zakat commitment Authors: Nurul Fatma Aziz @ Awang (P105735) Abstract: Despite a small number of the Shariah listed companies contributing to corporate zakat, the amount of zakat collection increased slightly in recent years. Zakat-paying companies utilised zakat payment as part of their CSR activities through the wakalah zakat concept, whereby zakat institutions returned the zakat money to spend on identified recipients or asnaf. CSR activities among companies have been widely discussed in the literature. However, the relationship between CSR activities and corporate zakat commitment was hardly discussed. This study considers paying and utilising zakat payment as part of the companies’ CSR activities a corporate zakat commitment. This study raises important questions of to what extent CSR drivers motivate zakat-paying companies to practice corporate zakat commitment and their effects on a company’s financial performance. Another question is to what extent corporate zakat commitment mediates the relationship between institutional pressures, social capabilities, slack resources, and company performance. To answer these questions, this study developed hypotheses that were tested using the survey method on zakat-paying companies involving six zakat institutions in Malaysia which are Pusat Pungutan Zakat Wilayah Persekutuan (PPZWP), Lembaga Zakat Selangor (LZS), Lembaga Zakat Kedah (LZK), Majlis Agama Islam Dan Melayu Pahang (MAIMP), Majlis Agama Islam dan Adat Istiadat Melayu Kelantan (MAIK) dan Pusat Zakat Sabah (PZS). This study analyses whether institutional pressures (coercive, normative, and mimetic pressures), social capabilities (mission-driven and stakeholder management capabilities) and slack resources motivate companies to become committed to zakat. Since the State administration is not strict in corporate zakat enforcement, many companies do not consider zakat commitment necessary. While pushing non-paying companies to pay zakat when it is not compulsory is challenging, it is more critical to determine strategies to motivate others to pay zakat. The research methodology began with a scale development through a literature review. In the second stage, questionnaires were distributed to companies paying zakat to six zakat institutions. Since the information of zakat payers is subject to the Personal Data Protection Act, only 6 zakat institutions agreed to share information on the list of zakat paying companies for research purposes. The company contact details must be obtained through websites such as the company's website and social media. From there, the telephone number or email address obtained was used to contact the individual responsible for the company's zakat management. The first contact was initiated to obtain the specific contact information for the right individual to answer the questionnaire. Once the right person in charge was determined, the questionnaire was then emailed or distributed through whatsapp. 142 questionnaires were analysed using partial least square-structural equation modelling where A 5-point Likert scale was used to measure the constructs. The findings show that normative pressures, stakeholder management capabilities, and slack resources have an impact on corporate zakat commitment. Corporate zakat commitment has a significantly positive influence on all company performance measures (financial performance, employee commitment and corporate reputation). This study contributes to the institutional and social Resource-Based View Theory by extending the theories with the inclusion of Islamic social activity, namely corporate zakat commitment. Managerially, the study provides insights into adaptable strategies to turn non-paying zakat companies to commit to paying corporate zakat. Mon, 03 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://ptsldigital.ukm.my/jspui/handle/123456789/781113 2025-02-03T00:00:00Z https://ptsldigital.ukm.my/jspui/handle/123456789/781112 Title: Economy-wide impacts of removing cooking oil subsidies in Malaysia : a computable general equilibrium approach Authors: Liu Jing Jing (P118127) Abstract: The implementation of the palm cooking oil subsidy aims to lower the market price of this commodity, particularly for low-income households. With the amount of subsidy approved by the Malaysian government, the supply of subsidized cooking oil in the market exceeds the total demand from households. However, there is currently a shortage of this supply in the market. This situation is likely due to the misuse of this untargeted subsidy, leading to smuggling or leakage to higher-income groups, as well as industrial and commercial entities. Therefore, there is a need to remove the cooking oil subsidy. However, the main concern is its impact on related sectors and household welfare, especially among the poorest. Hence, this study aims to conduct a quantitative assessment of the economy-wide impacts of removing the cooking oil subsidy. To analyze its impact on specific sectors and their interactions, this study develops a static Computable General Equilibrium model that includes household disaggregation and the expansion of the oils and fats sector into several other sectors, based on the 2019 Malaysian Input-Output Table. Households in this study are categorized into ten income groups: low income (B1, B2, B3, B4), middle income (M1, M2, M3, M4), and high income (T1, T2). Meanwhile, the sectoral disaggregation has expanded the input-output (I-O) table from 124 subsectors to 126 subsectors. The oils and fats sector has been disaggregated into three separate sectors: palm cooking oil, other palm oil, and other oils and fats. To assess the economy-wide impact of subsidy removal, this study conducts five scenarios: complete subsidy removal, subsidy removal with targeted cash transfers to low-income households, cash transfers to low- and middle-income households, investment in the palm oil industry, and investment in the education sector. Results indicate that subsidy removal negatively affects macroeconomic variables, industrial output, and the welfare of low-income households. However, compensatory measures can mitigate these adverse effects to varying degrees. Compensating the oil palm industry demonstrates the most significant positive impacts on economic growth, followed by compensating low-income households. From a household perspective, subsidy removal, compensation to the oil palm industry, and investment in education marginally negatively affect low-income households but marginally positively affect middle- and high-income households. However, compensating the low-income households yields greater welfare gains for this group than other scenarios but results in marginal welfare losses for middle- and high-income households. Investing in the education sector could partially offset the negative consequences of subsidy removal. Therefore, removing subsidies appears feasible due to relatively minor projected adverse impacts. Cash transfers to low-income households are more recommended when considering both the macroeconomy and the welfare of vulnerable households. However, it's crucial to note that these mitigation measures may not effectively reduce the government's financial burden as intended. They could also introduce new economic distortions, such as over-investment in certain sectors, dependence on government support, and inefficient consumption patterns. Mon, 06 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://ptsldigital.ukm.my/jspui/handle/123456789/781112 2025-01-06T00:00:00Z https://ptsldigital.ukm.my/jspui/handle/123456789/781111 Title: Hubungan tanggapan teknologi dan motivasi psikologikal terhadap penerimagunaan sistem pengurusan dokumen digital : jenis personaliti sebagai penyederhana Authors: Raze Norshyahman Shahril (P106548) Abstract: Dalam era peningkatan inovasi digital sektor awam melalui inisiatif e-Kerajaan, penggunaan Sistem Pengurusan Dokumen Digital (SPDD) memainkan peranan utama dalam transformasi proses pengurusan dan pentadbiran rekod. Meskipun berpotensi meningkatkan kecekapan melalui transformasi tabiat kerja, implementasi SPDD turut menghadapi cabaran seperti penolakan pekerja dan kurangnya kesedaran terhadap perubahan teknologi. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk memahami hubungan antara tanggapan mudah guna, tanggapan kebergunaan, motivasi psikologikal (motivasi intrinsik, regulasi yang dikenal pasti, dan regulasi luaran), niat tingkah laku, dan tingkah laku penerimagunaan SPDD dalam sektor awam di Malaysia, dengan mengambil kira peranan jenis personaliti kesepakatan dan ketelitian sebagai pemboleh ubah penyederhana. Pendekatan kajian ini menggunakan Pendekatan Pelbagai Teori Pelengkap (Complementary Theoretical Pluralistic Approach) dengan menggabungkan konstruk daripada Model Penerimaan Teknologi dan motivasi psikologikal daripada Teori Penentuan Kendiri ke dalam satu model konseptual yang menyeluruh. Kajian ini melibatkan 483 responden daripada kalangan pegawai Pengurusan dan Profesional Gred 41-54 di sektor awam Persekutuan, menggunakan teknik pensampelan kuota. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan kaedah Pemodelan Persamaan Berstruktur Kuasa Dua Terkecil Separa (Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling -PLS-SEM). Keputusan kajian mendapati bahawa tanggapan mudah guna, tanggapan kebergunaan, motivasi intrinsik, regulasi yang dikenal pasti dan regulasi luaran mempunyai hubungan positif yang signifikan dengan niat pekerja untuk menggunakan SPDD. Selain itu, niat turut mempengaruhi penerimagunaan SPDD secara positif. Hubungan ini turut diperkukuhkan apabila personaliti pekerja, khususnya jenis kesepakatan dan jenis ketelitian, memainkan peranan sebagai penyederhana. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa motivasi teknologi dan motivasi psikologikal memainkan peranan penting dalam membentuk hubungan tingkah laku penerimagunaan SPDD, manakala jenis personaliti memperkukuh hubungan antara niat dan penerimagunaan. Penemuan ini memberikan implikasi penting untuk sektor awam dalam merancang dan melaksanakan inisiatif pendigitalan yang lebih strategik. Dapatan kajian ini juga menyumbang kepada literatur penerimaan teknologi dan memperluaskan pemahaman tentang aspek penerimagunaan teknologi dalam kalangan pekerja sektor awam di negara membangun seperti Malaysia. Fri, 03 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://ptsldigital.ukm.my/jspui/handle/123456789/781111 2025-01-03T00:00:00Z